Agriculture

Question 1

Two separate quarters (total of 1/2) of the world’s ag land are farmed with these very different methods

Answer 1

hand tools; mechanized equipment

Question 2

regions without ready access to fresh, healthy, and affordable food

Answer 2

Food deserts

Question 3

plowing the land perpendicular to it’s slope so that water doesn’t run and wash away topsoil so fast

Answer 3

Contour farming

Question 4

5 primary ag challenges

Answer 4

Having food availiable, affordable, safe/healthy for humans, safe for environment, and producing all of that food to meet demands (not a need)

Question 5

12 states in this region of the US exported a collective $27 billion in ag products in 2023

Answer 5

Midwest

Question 6

Sustainable farming: Planting corn one year (which uses lots of nitrogen), and then planting soybeans (puts nitrogen into soil)

Answer 6

Crop Rotation

Question 7

Big question: Do we put climate change ahead or behind food _____ and _____?

Answer 7

productivity; availability

Question 8

Layers of soil from top to bottom (excluding E)

Answer 8

Organics, Surface, Subsoil, Parent material, bedrock (O, A, B, C, R)

Question 9

eroded areas that are small enough to step across

Answer 9

Rill Erosion

Question 10

intake of nutrients and energy too low to maintain your activity levels and too low to maintain a healthy body

Answer 10

Marasmus

Question 11

Ways to stop erosion: Avoid bare ground by leaving _____ _____ and using _____ _____

Answer 11

crop residue; cover crops

Question 12

When pesticides go from the environment and to an organism where they are stored

Answer 12

Bioaccumulation

Question 13

Soil layer: glacial till, river, or lake sediment. Not yet modified noticeably. No notable loss of accumulation.

Answer 13

Parent material (C)

Question 14

Underconsumption of vitamins and/or minerals

Answer 14

Malnutrition/Malnourishment

Question 15

What lies below all of the soil layers

Answer 15

Bedrock (R)

Question 16

not knowing when or where you are going to get your next meal

Answer 16

food insecurity

Question 17

underconsumption of protein

Answer 17

Kwashiorkor

Question 18

Sustainable farming: Using a variety of methods to control weeds

Answer 18

Integrated Weed Management

Question 19

Pesticides: Zectran for example, these are less toxic and very degradable and safer for mammals. They will only remain in the environment for a few weeks, often 7-14 days

Answer 19

Carbamates

Question 20

Agriculture is responsible for 10% of all _____ _____ _____ in the USA

Answer 20

greenhouse gas emissions

Question 21

about 500,000 people in Chicago and 750,000 people in NYC are living in these areas

Answer 21

food deserts

Question 22

Soil layer: Zone of accumulation and zone of decomposition

Answer 22

Organics layer (O)

Question 23

Sustainable farming: Using a variety of farming methods

Answer 23

Integrated Farming Methods

Question 24

3 Effects of Soil Compaction

Answer 24

Lose topsoil, Juggles soil horizons (layers), lost nutrients

Question 25

Pesticides: DDT for example, these are extremely toxic, persistent, and broad spectrum

Answer 25

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon

Question 26

Soil layer: Inorganic matter and humus

Answer 26

Surface layer (A)

Question 27

When pesticides are passed up through the food chain and grow in concentration

Answer 27

Biomagnification

Question 28

issue for plants that makes it harder for roots to grow, plants get less oxygen, etc.

Answer 28

Soil compaction

Question 29

roughly 30 companies control ag supplies and price, controlling who can afford to farm. This situation is called....

Answer 29

Agricultural consolidation

Question 30

$19 billion in _____ climate investments in agriculture, meaning the investments are repeated

Answer 30

generational

Question 31

Ways to stop erosion: Reduce and improve efficiency of _____

Answer 31

irrigation

Question 32

Soil layer: Zone of accumulation (illuviation), Clays, salt, iron, minerals accumulate

Answer 32

Subsoil (B)

Question 33

2 billion people today are experiencing a lack of _____

Answer 33

food

Question 34

Sustainable farming: Using a variety of disease control methods rather than one chemical solution

Answer 34

Integrated Disease Management

Question 35

3 Primary sources of greenhouse gases in agriculture

Answer 35

livestock production, rice production, chemical fertilizers

Question 36

Ways to stop erosion: Leave a _____ _____ between field and wetland areas

Answer 36

buffer zone

Question 37

Rougly 44% of all farmworkers are _____ _____

Answer 37

undocumented immigrants

Question 38

Ways to stop erosion: Till less and install _____ that act as speed bumps for water

Answer 38

terraces

Question 39

rill/sheet erosion increases water flow into streams, carving away streambanks

Answer 39

Streambank Erosion

Question 40

growing multiple plants in an area (good because it prevents the spread of diseases)

Answer 40

polyculture

Question 41

Pesticides: Malathion for example, these are highly toxic but will only remain in the environment for a few months (3-4)

Answer 41

Organophosphates

Question 42

growing one plant in an area (bad because it encourages the spread of disease)

Answer 42

monoculture

Question 43

Soil layer: zone of loss due to leaching, can occur between any two layers of soil

Answer 43

Eluviated layer (E)

Question 44

_____ on other countries decreases domestic ag production

Answer 44

Tariffs

Question 45

Sustainable farming: Using biological fertilizers rather than chemically-produced ones (must be applied properly; injecting beneath surface)

Answer 45

Biofertilizers

Question 46

Farm labor needs: for every 1 million immigrants deported, _____ others lose their jobs

Answer 46

88,000

Question 47

Sustainable farming: Use a variety of methods to control pests

Answer 47

Integrated Pest Management

Question 48

when rills join together

Answer 48

Sheet Erosion

Question 49

In a food desert, 6 grocery items may cost $16.33, while in one of these areas, the same items may cost $10.38

Answer 49

food-rich areas

Question 50

1/2 of the world's ag land is farmed with...

Answer 50

draft animals