Agriculture Flashcards
How is land classified?
Through the Macaulay Institute Land Classification. This is based on productivity on Scottish Land.
At Glenshero we are land class 5 due to grazing but elsewhere we are land class 6 which isn’t productive land.
Class 1 is the best arable land class 7 is the worst.
How is meat graded?
Through the Europ 12345 system for fat and muscle.
What lambing % would you expect in the Highlands?
60-100%. At JAHAMA we are 120%
What is the sheep stratification system?
Hill ewes to mules, mules to crossed terminal site to fat lambs
What is the sheep farming year?
November to tup
February scanning
April lambing
Late August/Sep fat lamb sales
What records do you need to keep?
Sheep medicine stock
Sheep medicine administration
Tag replacements
First tags
Births
Deaths
Movements
Sales
What tags do sheep need?
Unit selling before 10 month a single tag.
After you need two tags, one needs to be electronic.
What happens if you lose a tag?
You replace with red tags
When is the BPS deadline?
15th May.
Payment made in Autumn
What are BPS regions?
Region 1 - cultivatable ground or PP
Region 2 - hill ground in good order and previous high stocking
Region 3 - upland sheep farms
2021 payment rate for entitlements
Region 1 €249 per ha
Region 2 €50 per ha
Region 3 €15 per ha
How much does a bale of silage cost?
£20 Or £15 to produce
How are sheep prices?
Down this year compared to last. We sold our ewes for around £65 and lambs for around £50
What is LFASS
Less favoured Area Support Scheme. Land or remote areas which are difficult to farm and designed for livestock. A minimum amount of stock required. We get payment under category A and have to stock at sound 0.09 LU/ha
What is SUSSS?
Scottish Upland Sheep Support Scheme.
Payment for keeping hoggs over the winter.
Application deadline 30th November.
What is the herd basis?
Under UK tax law, a farmer can adopt the basis where tax are classed as a fixed asset for tax purposes.
What is the non herd basis?
Seen as business stock not assets
What is a store lamb?
Buy to put weight on and sell fat
What is a weather lamb
Castrated male tup
What is a Hogg?
From New Year to 1 year old
What’s a gimmer?
1 year old to first lamb
What’s a draft ewe
Sold off the hill for breed or feed aged 3/4 crop
What are cast ewes?
Mutton
What are current cattle prices?
430p per Kg deadweight
What is the SUSSS payment rate?
A flat rate per animal decided in April based on number of applications
What is the LFASS payment?
Based on area type and payable area. Standard rate is £52 per hectare.
What is the price of wheat
£400 per tonne
What is the price of barley
£375 per tonne
What is the price of fert?
Prices have soared, in April amonium nitrate was £1000 a tonne when previously it was £280 a tonne
Agricultural trends
War in Ukraine has made production very expensive
Brexit has meant a lack of workers and again more expensive inputs
New competition including US and NZ
New BPS system next year which will mean more environmental schemes and paid more by head basis
What is APR?
Agricultural property relief
Explain the process of growing a crop from stubble to stubble
Plough late autumn
Drill and spray with fert and herbicide
Apply nitrogen in winter
Fungicide in spring
Harvest in summer
What happened to the single farm payment in 2015?
It changed to bps
How much grain storage is needed on a 500 acre arable farm
Barley 2537m2
What is the price of spring barley
£242.89
What is the price of wheat
£269
What is the price of OSR
£532
What is the price of beans
£297
What is the price of peas
£286
What is a typical crop rotation
Winter barley
Oil seed rape
Wheat
Wheat
Grass
What is the price of barley straw
£80/T
What would you grow after barley
Oil seed rape
What factors should be considered when growing tatties
Soil depth, soil type, drainage and PH
What is unexhaused manure
Unused manure
What grasses are found in Permanent pasture
White clover
Timothy
Ryegrass
What is a partial budget
Used to calculate the financial effect of changing one aspect of the business
What is BPS region 1 payment rate?
£147
What is the region 2 payment rate?
£32
What is the region 3 payment rate
£9.49
What is the price per m square for building a general purpose shed?
£150
How much space would you need to store 25 cattle
200m2
When was the foot and mouth outbreak
2001
What is the antrobous case?
Where a new system was brought in to analyse if a farmhouse is eligible for agriculture relief. Need to see the history of the house, if it is proportionate and works for the business
