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APC - Rural (Scotland) > Agriculture > Flashcards

Agriculture Flashcards

1
Q

How is land classified?

A

Through the Macaulay Institute Land Classification. This is based on productivity on Scottish Land.

At Glenshero we are land class 5 due to grazing but elsewhere we are land class 6 which isn’t productive land.

Class 1 is the best arable land class 7 is the worst.

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2
Q

How is meat graded?

A

Through the Europ 12345 system for fat and muscle.

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3
Q

What lambing % would you expect in the Highlands?

A

60-100%. At JAHAMA we are 120%

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4
Q

What is the sheep stratification system?

A

Hill ewes to mules, mules to crossed terminal site to fat lambs

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5
Q

What is the sheep farming year?

A

November to tup
February scanning
April lambing
Late August/Sep fat lamb sales

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6
Q

What records do you need to keep?

A

Sheep medicine stock
Sheep medicine administration
Tag replacements
First tags
Births
Deaths
Movements
Sales

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7
Q

What tags do sheep need?

A

Unit selling before 10 month a single tag.

After you need two tags, one needs to be electronic.

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8
Q

What happens if you lose a tag?

A

You replace with red tags

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9
Q

When is the BPS deadline?

A

15th May.
Payment made in Autumn

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10
Q

What are BPS regions?

A

Region 1 - cultivatable ground or PP
Region 2 - hill ground in good order and previous high stocking
Region 3 - upland sheep farms

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11
Q

2021 payment rate for entitlements

A

Region 1 €249 per ha
Region 2 €50 per ha
Region 3 €15 per ha

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12
Q

How much does a bale of silage cost?

A

£20 Or £15 to produce

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13
Q

How are sheep prices?

A

Down this year compared to last. We sold our ewes for around £65 and lambs for around £50

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14
Q

What is LFASS

A

Less favoured Area Support Scheme. Land or remote areas which are difficult to farm and designed for livestock. A minimum amount of stock required. We get payment under category A and have to stock at sound 0.09 LU/ha

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15
Q

What is SUSSS?

A

Scottish Upland Sheep Support Scheme.

Payment for keeping hoggs over the winter.

Application deadline 30th November.

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16
Q

What is the herd basis?

A

Under UK tax law, a farmer can adopt the basis where tax are classed as a fixed asset for tax purposes.

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17
Q

What is the non herd basis?

A

Seen as business stock not assets

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18
Q

What is a store lamb?

A

Buy to put weight on and sell fat

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19
Q

What is a weather lamb

A

Castrated male tup

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20
Q

What is a Hogg?

A

From New Year to 1 year old

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21
Q

What’s a gimmer?

A

1 year old to first lamb

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22
Q

What’s a draft ewe

A

Sold off the hill for breed or feed aged 3/4 crop

23
Q

What are cast ewes?

A

Mutton

24
Q

What are current cattle prices?

A

430p per Kg deadweight

25
Q

What is the SUSSS payment rate?

A

A flat rate per animal decided in April based on number of applications

26
Q

What is the LFASS payment?

A

Based on area type and payable area. Standard rate is £52 per hectare.

27
Q

What is the price of wheat

A

£400 per tonne

28
Q

What is the price of barley

A

£375 per tonne

29
Q

What is the price of fert?

A

Prices have soared, in April amonium nitrate was £1000 a tonne when previously it was £280 a tonne

30
Q

Agricultural trends

A

War in Ukraine has made production very expensive

Brexit has meant a lack of workers and again more expensive inputs

New competition including US and NZ

New BPS system next year which will mean more environmental schemes and paid more by head basis

31
Q

What is APR?

A

Agricultural property relief

32
Q

Explain the process of growing a crop from stubble to stubble

A

Plough late autumn
Drill and spray with fert and herbicide
Apply nitrogen in winter
Fungicide in spring
Harvest in summer

33
Q

What happened to the single farm payment in 2015?

A

It changed to bps

34
Q

How much grain storage is needed on a 500 acre arable farm

A

Barley 2537m2

35
Q

What is the price of spring barley

A

£242.89

36
Q

What is the price of wheat

A

£269

37
Q

What is the price of OSR

A

£532

38
Q

What is the price of beans

A

£297

39
Q

What is the price of peas

A

£286

40
Q

What is a typical crop rotation

A

Winter barley
Oil seed rape
Wheat
Wheat
Grass

41
Q

What is the price of barley straw

A

£80/T

42
Q

What would you grow after barley

A

Oil seed rape

43
Q

What factors should be considered when growing tatties

A

Soil depth, soil type, drainage and PH

44
Q

What is unexhaused manure

A

Unused manure

45
Q

What grasses are found in Permanent pasture

A

White clover
Timothy
Ryegrass

46
Q

What is a partial budget

A

Used to calculate the financial effect of changing one aspect of the business

47
Q

What is BPS region 1 payment rate?

A

£147

48
Q

What is the region 2 payment rate?

A

£32

49
Q

What is the region 3 payment rate

A

£9.49

50
Q

What is the price per m square for building a general purpose shed?

A

£150

51
Q

How much space would you need to store 25 cattle

A

200m2

52
Q

When was the foot and mouth outbreak

A

2001

53
Q

What is the antrobous case?

A

Where a new system was brought in to analyse if a farmhouse is eligible for agriculture relief. Need to see the history of the house, if it is proportionate and works for the business

APC - Rural (Scotland) (16 decks)

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