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BMSC1212 Introduction to pharmacology > Agonists > Flashcards

Agonists Flashcards

1
Q

What is an agonist?

A

Drugs that bind to a receptor to produce a biological response similar to that produced by the endogenous ligand for the receptor

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2
Q

What id the word efficacy used for?

A

Describing that a drug has an effect

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3
Q

What is carbachol?

A

A synthetic drug with a structure similar to that of acetylcholine, it is a cholinergic agonist

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4
Q

What is phenylephrine?

A

A synthetic drug that resembles noradrenaline, binds to a1-adrenoreceptors

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5
Q

What receptor does heroin bind to?

A

Opioid

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6
Q

What are antagonists?

A

Drugs which decrease the biological response to an agonist drug or endogenous ligand.

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7
Q

What does the most common antagonist produce?

A

Reversible competitive antagonism, compete for binding site

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8
Q

What is atropine?

A

A reversible competitive antagonist of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, blocks the effects of the agonist drug carbachol.

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9
Q

What is propranolol?

A

B-blocker, reversible competitive antagonist of noradrenaline.

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10
Q

What us acetylcholine?

A

An agonist

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11
Q

What is the antagonist for acetylcholine esterase?

A

Neostigmine

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12
Q

What is the preganglionic receptor for acetylcholine?

A

Nicotinic

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13
Q

What is the postganglionic receptor for acetylcholine?

A

Muscarinic

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14
Q

Give two types if antagonists which will only block one type of receptor

A
  1. Hexamethonium

2. Atropine

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15
Q

What is noradrenaline?

A

An agonist which is the predominant agonist released at target tissues. A catecholamine like dopamine and adrenaline

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16
Q

What is adrenaline?

A

Similar to noradrenaline, released following sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal gland. Enters circulation

17
Q

What are the receptors for adrenaline and noradrenaline?

A

Subset of the family of G protein-coupled receptors called adrenoreceptors (adrenergic receptors)

18
Q

What are the 3 major branches of the adrenoceptor family?

A

alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta

19
Q

Which group of adrenoceptors does phenylephrine beling to?

A

Alpha1

20
Q

How is phenylephrine different to noradrenaline?

A

Missing a hydroxyl group which would be used to activate a beta-receptor

21
Q

What does activation of alpha 1 result in?

A

Contraction of vascular smooth muscle

22
Q

What are the antagonists which will block alpha 1 receptors?

A

Prazoisin

Phentolamine

23
Q

Give a classic agonist of alpha2 receptors

A

Clonidine

24
Q

Give two classic agonists of beta receptors

A

Isoprenaline and salbutamol

BMSC1212 Introduction to pharmacology (17 decks)

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