Aging/ Senescence

Question 1

Senescence

Answer 1

Cellular, organ and whole arganism deterioration associated with aging

Question 2

Maximum life span

Answer 2

The maximum number of years a species has been known to survive

Question 3

Causes of cell senescence

Answer 3

• Accumulation of DNA damage
• Replication
• Defective protein homeostasis
• Nutrient sensing systems

Question 4

How do free radicals injure cells?

Answer 4

• Membrane lipid peroxidation
• Interaction with proteins
• DNA damage

Question 5

Werner’s syndrome

Answer 5

Stop growing in teens, prone to cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, cataracts. Die in late 40’s. Affect on gene for helicase.Either improper DNA epair or improper transcription. Early aging.

Question 6

Progeria

Answer 6

Causes children to age rapidly, die as young as 12. Mutant gene in lamin A, for nuclear integrity

Question 7

Effects of diet on senescence

Answer 7

Insufficeincy- lack of nutrients, injury at the ccellular level due to interference in normal metabolic pathways
Excess- likewise lead to clelular and tissue aterations that are detrimental

Question 8

Autophagy

Answer 8

The process where a cell eats its own conrwnts as a survival mechanism in times of deprivation- recycling their digested contents

Question 9

Imortance of autophagy

Answer 9

Maintaining cell health by clearing cellular rubbish. Accumulation of the rubbsih makes cels senesce faster.