Aging - Semantics - Lexical Flashcards
Burke & Peters, 1986
• In a test of word associations of younger and older adults, there was little evidence of a change in the nature of word associations: both groups provided the same number of syntagmatic and paradigmatic responses, the effects of grammatical class on paradigmatic responses was the same across ages, and the frequency of common responses was the same across ages. Increased variability in older adults was related to verbal ability, not age
Laver, 2009
• There are generally no age-effects seen in semantic priming
Laver & Burke, 1993
A meta-analysis indicated that semantic priming effects increase with age
Madden, 1992
• In a visual word recognition task, benefits for semantically related compared to unrelated words, and words compared to non-words were equivalent across age groups, suggesting that these lexical and semantic components of word recognition are unaffected by generalized slowing occurring with age
MacKay, Connor, Albert, & Obler, 2002
• In a naming study, phonemic cues yielded greater benefits on naming performance than semantic cues, especially for 60- and 70-year-old age groups
Madden, 1988
• Differential slowing of feature extraction in visual word recognition tasks is mediated by increased use of semantic information (Madden, 1988). Effects of increased context were greater for older adults compared to younger adults
Federmeier, Van Patton, Schwartz, & Kutas 2003
• In a study in which older and younger adults listened to sentences for comprehension, no delays in N400 (indicating semantic processing) were evident. These results contrast from other studies, but the authors attribute them to using words embedded in natural speech
Verhaeghen 2003
• In a meta-analysis of vocabulary scores containing 210 articles, older adults had higher test scores than younger adults, although independent contributions of education and cohort were found
Baltes & Lindenberger, 1997
o Although some evidence that vocabulary declines at very old age
