Aging/Disorders

Question 1

What is the difference between primary and secondary aging?

Answer 1

Primary - normal, passage of chronological time

Secondary - aquirred disability

Question 2

Explain what changes occur to attention, memory, language, and emotion with age?

Answer 2

Attention - difficulty switching between 2 tasks, executive attention (blood flow)
Memory - decreased recall/retrieval speed/prospective memory
Language - robust
Emotion - high sibjective wellbeing, decreased risk of depression/anxiety, emotional regulation

Question 3

What is the Frontal Love Theory?

Answer 3

Deterioration of frontal lobe causes problems with attentional resources and working memory

Question 4

Define Wisdon.

Answer 4

expert knowledge and judgement about important or difficult questions in life

Question 5

What are Cohen’s Stages of Old Age?

Answer 5

Midlife Reevaluation, Liberation Stage, Summing Up Phase, Encore Phase

Question 6

What is Cortensen’s Socialemotional Seectivity Theory?

Answer 6

motivational forces that shape social network size and composition and how they change mean that in older age, quality is looked for over quantity (social selectivity)

Question 7

What is Alzheimer’s Disease?

Answer 7

a progressive neurological disorder, with the presence of neurofibrilary tangles and neuritic plaques

Question 8

What is a common course for Alzheimer’s

Answer 8

Hippocampus first, then spreads (cognitive dysfunction, personality/emotional changes, behaviour problems

Question 9

What is Vascular Dementia?

Answer 9

dementia related to cardiovascular disorder (SUDDEN)

Question 10

What are the common causes of Vascular Dementia?

Answer 10

Multiple Cortical Infarcts, A single Infarct in critical brain region, small vessel disease in brain

Question 11

What are the risk factors for Vascular Dementia?

Answer 11

strokes, diabetes, hypertention, smoking

Question 12

Define Frontotemporal Dementia

Answer 12

involve changes in personality, behaviour and language (decline in interpersonal conduct and inhibition (rude)

Question 13

Define Lewy Body Dementia?

Answer 13

fluctuating cognition with variations in attention/alertness (recurrent visual hallucinations and spontanious symptoms of parkinsonism

Question 14

What does assessment for dementia involve?

Answer 14

clinical history check, full assessment, estimation of cognitive function

Question 15

What is important in treating someone with dementia?

Answer 15

good client-career communication, modify environment, meds may be used to slow deterioration

Question 16

What can be done to manage wandering in people with dementia?

Answer 16

aiding navigation, minimise restrictions, soothing and reassuring nature when aiding them

Question 17

What additional features might depression over 60yrs involve?

Answer 17

lethargy, agitation, high medical condition comorbidity, brain changes, high suicide risk (CBT and IPT for treatment with antidepressants)

Question 18

What additional features might anxiety over 60yrs involve?

Answer 18

vegitative symptoms, agitation and memory loss; treatment CBT (anti anxiety meds not recommended)

Question 19

What problems are associated with being a custodial grandparent?

Answer 19

depression, hypertention, insomnia, diabetes, social isolation

Question 20

What may lessen dysfunction associated with the death of a loved one in old age

Answer 20

if it is expected

Question 21

What is the main difference between a major and a mild neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 21

A major NCD interferes with a persons independance and a mild NCD does not. Also, level of cognitive decline is more substantial for major NCD.

Question 22

Explain Baltes Model for Selection, Optimisation and Compensation

Answer 22

Identify and prioritise goals, maximise performance to ensure successful goal achievements, the adapting to limitations that may hinder goal pursuit