Addictive Disorders Flashcards
What are substance use disorders a combination of?
substance abuse and substance dependence
Name some of the criteria for substance use disorder.
taken in lge amounts, persistent desire and unsuccessful effort to cease, much time spent on substance, craving/desire, important life activities given up, continued use even though risks and probs are known.
What is dependence syndrome?
applied to all substances capable of indusing physiological and psychological dependence
What is withdrawal?
development of a set of symptoms that occur upon cessation of using the substance (especially after heavy and prolonged use)
What is substance use disorder a major problem for older people?
They are more succeptable to intoxication/
What are disability adjusted life years?
The amount of time lost due to both fatal/non fatal events (yrs old cuz of premature death AND yrs of healthy life lost due to disability)
Explain the disease model of addiction.
alcoholism is an incurable physical illness like diabetes, whereby total absincence is the only way to control it
Explain Skog’s Choice Theory.
apparent loss of control seen in people with substance use disorder is a consequence of a person changing their mind (weighing up pros and cons)
Explain Inhibition Dysregulation Theory.
neuroimaging to explain addiction as being underpinned by impairment of neural system reponsible for inhibiting reward behaviour
Explain the Opponent Process Theory of Addiction.
brain processes act automatically once affective equillibrium has been disrupted (increases strength and duration with each administration)
Explain the Incentive Sensitisation Theory.
addiction drugs change incentive areas of brain, creating pathological wanting
What makes up the Tridimentional Personality Theory of Substance Use Disorders
novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence
What are the 5 steps that make up PRIME Theory
Plans, responses, impulses, motives, evaluations
In treatment of SUD, what is medication used for?
To block reward areas, substitute for the substance, reduce withdrawal severity
What is motivational interviewing?
involves looking at pros and cons of treatment and increasing confidence and values in relation to treatment
How is recovery defined?
voluntary sustained control over substance use, maximising health and wellbeing and participation in rights, roles and responsibilities of society.
What is gambling disorder?
persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviour leading to clinically significant impairment and distress as indicated by 4 of 9 criteria relating to tolerance, withdrawal, and loss of control
What are Cluster’s Pathological Gambling Stages?
Winning, Losing and Desperation
What 3 chemicals are thought to be involved with the aetiology of gambling disorder?
dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline
Define impulsivity.
spontanious behaviours carried out without regard of consequences and gain gratification
What cognition distortions are involved with gambling disorder?
gamblers fallcy, biased evaluation, illusion of control
What is the Integrated Pathway Model?
Three ways gamblin disorder has come about: biologically conditioned (absence of psychological distress), emotionally vulnerable (conditioned, social congnitive processes), biologically based (accelerates fast, due to neurological dysfunction)
What can be used to counter condition gambling disorder?
exposure therapy and aversion therapy
What is the Public Heath Model concerned with
the external societal determinants of gambling
