Addictive Disorders

Question 1

What are substance use disorders a combination of?

Answer 1

substance abuse and substance dependence

Question 2

Name some of the criteria for substance use disorder.

Answer 2

taken in lge amounts, persistent desire and unsuccessful effort to cease, much time spent on substance, craving/desire, important life activities given up, continued use even though risks and probs are known.

Question 3

What is dependence syndrome?

Answer 3

applied to all substances capable of indusing physiological and psychological dependence

Question 4

What is withdrawal?

Answer 4

development of a set of symptoms that occur upon cessation of using the substance (especially after heavy and prolonged use)

Question 5

What is substance use disorder a major problem for older people?

Answer 5

They are more succeptable to intoxication/

Question 6

What are disability adjusted life years?

Answer 6

The amount of time lost due to both fatal/non fatal events (yrs old cuz of premature death AND yrs of healthy life lost due to disability)

Question 7

Explain the disease model of addiction.

Answer 7

alcoholism is an incurable physical illness like diabetes, whereby total absincence is the only way to control it

Question 8

Explain Skog’s Choice Theory.

Answer 8

apparent loss of control seen in people with substance use disorder is a consequence of a person changing their mind (weighing up pros and cons)

Question 9

Explain Inhibition Dysregulation Theory.

Answer 9

neuroimaging to explain addiction as being underpinned by impairment of neural system reponsible for inhibiting reward behaviour

Question 10

Explain the Opponent Process Theory of Addiction.

Answer 10

brain processes act automatically once affective equillibrium has been disrupted (increases strength and duration with each administration)

Question 11

Explain the Incentive Sensitisation Theory.

Answer 11

addiction drugs change incentive areas of brain, creating pathological wanting

Question 12

What makes up the Tridimentional Personality Theory of Substance Use Disorders

Answer 12

novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence

Question 13

What are the 5 steps that make up PRIME Theory

Answer 13

Plans, responses, impulses, motives, evaluations

Question 14

In treatment of SUD, what is medication used for?

Answer 14

To block reward areas, substitute for the substance, reduce withdrawal severity

Question 15

What is motivational interviewing?

Answer 15

involves looking at pros and cons of treatment and increasing confidence and values in relation to treatment

Question 16

How is recovery defined?

Answer 16

voluntary sustained control over substance use, maximising health and wellbeing and participation in rights, roles and responsibilities of society.

Question 17

What is gambling disorder?

Answer 17

persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviour leading to clinically significant impairment and distress as indicated by 4 of 9 criteria relating to tolerance, withdrawal, and loss of control

Question 18

What are Cluster’s Pathological Gambling Stages?

Answer 18

Winning, Losing and Desperation

Question 19

What 3 chemicals are thought to be involved with the aetiology of gambling disorder?

Answer 19

dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline

Question 20

Define impulsivity.

Answer 20

spontanious behaviours carried out without regard of consequences and gain gratification

Question 21

What cognition distortions are involved with gambling disorder?

Answer 21

gamblers fallcy, biased evaluation, illusion of control

Question 22

What is the Integrated Pathway Model?

Answer 22

Three ways gamblin disorder has come about: biologically conditioned (absence of psychological distress), emotionally vulnerable (conditioned, social congnitive processes), biologically based (accelerates fast, due to neurological dysfunction)

Question 23

What can be used to counter condition gambling disorder?

Answer 23

exposure therapy and aversion therapy

Question 24

What is the Public Heath Model concerned with

Answer 24

the external societal determinants of gambling