Aggression

Question 1

aggression

Answer 1

• hostile aggression (goal to harm, involves anger
• instrumental aggression (goal to win, intent to harm, no anger)
  1. is a behavior 2. is verbal or physical 3. is directed at a living organism 4. intent to harm

Question 2

violent behaviors

assertive behaviors

Answer 2

• extreme physical aggression w/out relationship to sport

- forceful, vigorous actions w/out intent to injure

Question 3

instinct theory

Answer 3

• innate instinct for aggression, common to all people
• builds up, sport is a method of catharsis
• —->no evidence for innate instinct or that catharsis decreases aggression

Question 4

psychological theory

Answer 4

aggression is psychological in nature (steroid use is an exception)

• brain pathology (characteristic of brain tumors)
• blood chemistry (linked to testosterone)

Question 5

frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 5

aggression is always a result of frustration and can be blown off by catharsis

• lack of support for catharsis and people can deal with frustration in different ways
• –>revised: frustration leads to arousal leads to social cues that signal aggression is appropriate leads to aggression

Question 6

moral disengagement involves

Answer 6

1. moral justification
2. euphamistic labeling
3. advantageous comparison
4. displacement of responsibility
5. diffusion of responsibility
6. distortion of consequences
7. dehumanization
8. attribution of blame

Question 7

factors influencing aggression

Answer 7

personal-gender, age, social class, retaliation, self-preservation/image
situational-group characteristics, presence of weapons, belonging to a group, presence of others, frequency of competition
group-individual’s role, team norms