Aggression Flashcards
What is aggression?
The intent to harm outside the laws of an event or situation
What are the 3 types of aggression?
Assertive behaviour
Channeled aggression
Hostile aggression
What is assertive behaviour? (3)
No intent to harm
Within the rules and spirits of the game
Focused on completing the skill successfully
What is channeled aggression? (3)
Actions within the rules of the game
Prime motive is successful completion of the skill
Anger not evident
What is hostile aggression? (3)
Main aim is to harm and inflict injury
Outside the rules of the game
Involves anger
What are the 4 theories of aggression?
Social learning theory
Aggressive cue hypothesis
Frustration aggression hypothesis
Instinct theory
Who created the social learning theory of aggression?
Bandura 1977
What does the social learning theory of aggression state?
Aggression is a learned response rather than instinct
We learn by observing and copying others
What does the social learning theory of aggression dispute?
The idea that we have naturally aggressive drives towards goals
How is aggression learned in the social learning theory of aggression?
Sport people can learn to be aggressive if they see significant others being aggressive or if their own aggression is reinforced
What is the aggressive cue hypothesis advocating?
When an individual is frustrated arousal levels increase which increases readiness for aggression
What causes aggression in the aggressive cue hypothesis?
If aggression is going to occur a stimuli must be present that acts as cues for the athlete to be aggressive
What is the flow diagram for the aggressive cue hypothesis?
Frustrated = increased arousal levels =readiness for aggression = stimuli present = cues for aggression
What does the frustration aggression hypothesis suggest?
Frustration will always lead to aggression because any blocking of goals increases drive which in turn increases aggression
Who created the frustration aggression hypothesis?
Dollard in 1939
What is the flow diagram for the frustration aggression hypothesis?
Drive to goal
Drive blocked
Frustration
Aggression
Success or punishment
Cartharais or more frustration
What is the instinct theory of aggression suggesting?
Views aggression as being a naturally occurring response
Aggression is instinctive
What is the problem with the instinct theory of aggression?
If it were true we would expect humans to display similar tendencies to one another and act as animals would
Who was the major advocate for the instinct theory of aggression?
Lorenz 1966
What did Lorenz suggest for the instinct theory of aggression?
Humans generate aggressive energy that needs to be released
What did lorenz suggest would happen if aggressive energy was not released from an individual in the instinct theory?
Aggressive impulses would build up inside an individual and aggressive acts would become dangerous to an individuals well-being 🌋🌋
What are some methods to eliminate aggression?
Punish aggressive play
Withdraw violent players
Stress performance not outcome
Lower arousal levels
Stress management techniques
Emphasis non aggressive role models
