Age of Revolution

Question 1

First Continental Congress

Answer 1

September 1774. Created by the colonies to protest the treatment of Boston.

Question 2

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Answer 2

Drafted by the Continental Congress to outline their grievances with Britian.

Question 3

Declaration of Independence

Answer 3

July of 1776. Issued by the Second Continental Congress.
Colonies declared themselves absolved from Britain. Influenced by John Locke.

Question 4

Articles of Confederation

Answer 4

The U.S. created a loose confederation of states.
Only one body of government-Congress, each state had the same authority, and Congress could not collect taxes or regulate trade.

Question 5

Constitutional Republic

Answer 5

Separation of powers
Checks and balances
Federal system

Question 6

Facade

Answer 6

An outward appearance that is maintained to conceal a less pleasant or creditable reality.

Question 7

Social classes in France

Answer 7

First Estate (Clergy), Second Estate (Nobles), and the Third Estate (Bourgeoisie, Peasants)

Question 8

Tithe

Answer 8

One-tenth annual produce share or earning tax.

Question 9

Bastille Day

Answer 9

July 14, 1789, a mob broke into the Bastille, a prison in Paris.

Question 10

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Answer 10

“Rights to liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.”

Question 11

Factions of the legislative assembly

Answer 11

Radicals (opposed monarch)
Moderates
Conservatives (supported monarch).

Question 12

Emigre

Answer 12

Nobles who fled France. Favored the Old Regime, and wished to undo the Revolution

Question 13

Sans-Culottes

Answer 13

Parisian workers and shopkeepers who wanted more significant changes and Revolution

Question 14

National Convention Changes

Answer 14

Abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic
Adult male citizens were granted the right to vote and hold office

Question 15

Jacobins

Answer 15

Members of a radical political organization. Involved in governmental changes.

Question 16

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 16

A Jacobin leader that gained power in France.
By July 1793, he began ruling as a dictator.

Question 17

Reign of Terror

Answer 17

To protect the revolution from “enemies”, Robespierre’s Committee of Public Safety tried and executed as many as 40,000 people.
End of the Terror: Robespierre was executed on July 28, 1794.

Question 18

Coup d’etat

Answer 18

Known as a “coup”. A “blow to the state”.

Question 19

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 19

First Consul of France. Emperor in 1801.

Question 20

Lycees

Answer 20

Government-run public schools that trained government officials.

Question 21

Merit

Answer 21

The quality of being good or worthy.

Question 22

Concordat

Answer 22

An agreement or treaty.
The Church recognized that Napoleon had power over them.

Question 23

Napoleonic Codes

Answer 23

A uniform set of laws. Eliminated injustices, but greatly limited liberty.

Question 24

Louisiana Territory

Answer 24

Napoleon sold France’s territories in the Americas to the United States.

Question 25

Napoleon’s Blockade

Answer 25

A forcible closing of a port.
Napoleon called this the Continental System

Question 26

Peninsular War

Answer 26

A military conflict was fought on the Iberian peninsula. Spain, Portugal, and U.K. opposed France.

Question 27

Scorched-Earth Policy

Answer 27

As Napoleon advanced the Russians retreated, burning grain fields, killing livestock, and destroying shelters, leaving nothing for the enemy to use.

Question 28

Hundred Days

Answer 28

Napoleon’s return from exile to Elba, last bid for power. Ended with the Battle of Waterloo.

Question 29

Metternich’s three-part plan for Europe

Answer 29

Containment of France
Balance of Power
Legitimacy

Question 30

Holy Alliance

Answer 30

Prussia, Russia, and Austria. Nations based their relations on Christian principles to combat the forces of revolution.

Question 31

Concert of Europe

Answer 31

Nations agreed to come to one another’s aid if any revolution broke out