Age of Dissent and Division, 1500-1564 ch 13

Question 1

A German monk and professor of theology whose critique of the papacy launched the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 1

Martin Luther (1483 - 1546)

Question 2

Grants exempting Catholic Christians from the performance of penance, either in life or after death. The abusive trade of these was a major catalyst of the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 2

Indulgences

Question 3

The select council of the Church that convened in a German city and condemned Martin Luther on a charge of heresy in 1521.

Answer 3

Diet of Worms

Question 4

A former priest from the Swiss city of Zurich, He joined Luther and Calvin in attacking the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.

Answer 4

Ulrich Zwingli (1484 - 1531)

Question 5

French-born theologian and reformer whose radical form of Protestantism was adopted in many Swiss cities, notably Geneva.

Answer 5

John Calvin (1509 - 1564)

Question 6

Protestant movement that emerged in Switzerland in 1521; its adherents insisted that only adults could be baptized Christians.

Answer 6

Anabaptists

Question 7

The name given to the many dissenting varieties of Christianity that emerged during the Reformation in sixteenth century western Europe. While their beliefs and practices differed widely, all were united in their rejection of papal authority and the dogmas of the Roman Catholic Church.

Answer 7

Protestantism

Question 8

Religious and political movement in sixteenth-century Europe that led to a break between dissenting forms of Christianity and the Roman Catholic Church; notable figures include Martin Luther and John Calvin.

Answer 8

Reformation

Question 9

King of England from 1509 until his death, He rejected the authority of the Roman Church in 1534 when the pope refused to annul his marriage to his queen, Catherine of Aragon; he became the founder of the Church of England.

Answer 9

Henry VIII (1491 - 1547)

Question 10

Founded by Henry VIII in the 1530s, as a consequence of his break with the authority of the Roman pope.

Answer 10

Church of England

Question 11

The name given to a series of meetings held in an Italian city between 1545 and 1563, when leaders of the Roman Church reaffirmed Catholic doctrine and instituted internal reforms.

Answer 11

Council of Trent

Question 12

Founder of the Society of Jesus.

Answer 12

Ignatius Loyola

Question 13

This religious order founded in 1540 by Ignatius Loyola to combat the spread of Protestantism. The Jesuits would become active in politics, education, and missionary work.

Answer 13

Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

Question 14

The movement to counter the Protestant Reformation, initiated by the Catholic Church at the Council of Trent in 1545.

Answer 14

Counter-Reformation of the Catholic Church