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HDM Midterm > Ag Receptors: Lymphocytes > Flashcards

Ag Receptors: Lymphocytes Flashcards

1
Q

Ag

A

molecule that is recognized by the immune system. loosely associated with adaptive response

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2
Q

immunogen

A

an Ag that evokes a specific immune response

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3
Q

tolerogen

A

an Ag that induces immunologic tolerance

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4
Q

Endogenous

A

body’s own cellular components or intracellular pathogens

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5
Q

auto-Ag

A

self-Ag

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6
Q

allo-Ag

A

tissue specific Ag

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7
Q

Exogenous Ag

A

Ag enter the body or system and freely circulate in the body fluids and are trapped by the APCs

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8
Q

haptens

A

small molecules which cannot induce an immune response alone
induce a response when coupled with a carrier protein

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9
Q

BCR components

A

Surface Ig

IgBeta and IgAlpha (signaling - contain ITAMs)

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10
Q

Ab do two things

A

promote killing/removal of Ag-Ab complex

integral in B cell differentiation

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11
Q

digestion pdt of papain and pepsin

A

papain - cuts above the hinge == 2x Fab, Fc

pepsin - cuts below the hinge == 1F(ab’)2, fragments

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12
Q

within each variable domain of an Ab exists three

A

hypervariable domains on the most distal portion of the Ab from the constant region
most important region for binding Ag

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13
Q

the isotype of an Ab is determined by

A

the heavy chain (c domain)

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14
Q

allotype

A

subtle allelic differences exist within H chains - important for transplantation

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15
Q

idiotype

A

Ag determinants of variable region idiotypes may differ in how they interact with an Ag, but will both recognize it (and therefore have effector function)

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16
Q

J chains are present on

A

IgA and IgM

JAM

17
Q

Ab class produced by neonates

A

IgM

18
Q

first Ab class produced in primary response

A

IgM

19
Q

Ab isotype that contains 10 binding sites

A

IgM

20
Q

Ab type expressed on the surface of mature activated B cells

A

IgM or IgD

21
Q

predominant Ab isotype of secondary immune response

A

IgG

22
Q

most abundant IgG subclass

A

IgG1

23
Q

Ig classes that activate classical complement

A

IgM
IgG
(may be more but these for sure)

24
Q

predominate Ig class of mucosal immunity

A

IgA

25
Q

J chain of IgA and IgM are recognized by what protein for secretion across an epithelial barrier

A

Poly-Ig receptor

endocytosed with the IgA molecule and secreted with it

26
Q

Ab isotype involved in defense against hilminth

A

IgE

27
Q

Ab isotype which Fc region binds CD23

A

IgE

28
Q

affinity vs avidity

A

affinity is the strength of a single interaction

avidity is the additive strength of multiple Ag-Ab interactions

29
Q

Epitopes that can be recognized by B lymphocytes/Abs

A

1) conformational determinant (3d structure)
2) linear determinant (either accessible only when denatured or in both native/denatured forms
3) determinant made available by proteolytic cleavage

30
Q

t dependent Ags are

A

always proteins

31
Q

t independent Ags can be

A

polysaccharides, lipids (usually multiple identical epitopes that can cross link BCRs)

32
Q

most variable region within TCR

A

CDR3 (v region contains 3 hypervariable regions, of which 3 is the most variable)

33
Q

gamma/delta T lymphocytes are primarily located in the

A

epithelial/mucosal compartments
not MHC/HLA restricted
can recognize lipid Ags and DAMPs

34
Q

TCR receptor complex constituents

A 
alpha/beta heterodimer with variable (and hypervariable) regions 
2x CD3 (for a total of four ITAMS) 
2x delta chains (for a total of six ITAMs)
35
Q

TCRs recognize protein in what conformation

A

primary sequence, only when presented

free peptides are not recognized by TCRs

36
Q

superAg binding and MoA

A 
bind the Vbeta region of TCR and MHC class II molecules 
hyper-activate immune system to release bio-active cytokines from T cells == cytokine storm with a bunch of nasty effects
37
Q

superAg manifest in

A

staph enterotoxins (food poisoning)
staph toxic shock toxin (TSS)
staph exfoliating toxins (scalded skin syndrome)
strepto pyrogenic exotoxins (shock)

38
Q

mAb are produced by

A

isolated mouse spleen cells that produce Ab of interest
fusing with immortal myeloma line
culture in selected media (that filters out myelomas/spleen cells that didnt fuse)
isolate clones
success

HDM Midterm (10 decks)

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