Africa (East, West, South, Sudan, Rhodesia)

Question 1

National Congress of West Africa

Answer 1

1919

Founded by activists from Nigeria, Gambia, Sierra Leone and Gold Coast

Question 2

Impact of National Congress of West Africa

Answer 2

Some concessions given in 1920s but outnumbered by appointed African chiefs on legislative councils

Question 3

Rail strikes in Sierra Leone

Answer 3

1919 and 1926

Question 4

Strikes in Nigeria

Answer 4

1921

Question 5

West African Students’ Union

Answer 5

1925
Helped to unite West African students studying in London
Eg. Azikiwe and Nkrumah

Question 6

Nigerian Youth Movement

Answer 6

Est. 1933
Shifted from promoting higher education to self-government
Nationalists were radicalised by economic depression

Question 7

Fifth Pan-African Congress

Answer 7

1945

Pledged non-violent socialist goals

Question 8

Earlier Pan-African Congresses

Answer 8

Emphasised African independence and black liberation politics

Question 9

Ethnic breakdown in Kenya in 1920

Answer 9

23,000 Indians
10,000 Europeans
3 million Kenyans

Question 10

Legislative Council expanded in Kenya

Answer 10

1921

Included Indians who had a strong presence now due to indentured labour

Question 11

Devonshire White Paper

Answer 11

1923

Established the principle of trusteeship and promised indigenous groups that they would be given power in the future

Question 12

Quotation from Devonshire White Paper

Answer 12

‘Primarily Kenya is an African territory’ in which ‘the interest of African natives must be paramount’

Question 13

East Africa Association

Answer 13

1921
Founded by Henry Thuku
Broadened the campaign for African rights

Question 14

Jomo Kenyatta joined the East Africa Association

Answer 14

1922

Question 15

Kikuyu Central Association formed

Answer 15

1924 - Kenya
Kikuyu tribe had been forced off the land in the White Highlands to accommodate an expanding number of white settlers
Mobilised rural peasant populations to establish anti-colonialism as a mass movement

Question 16

Kenyan African Study Union established

Answer 16

1945

Question 17

Kenyan African Study Union became the Kenya African Union

Answer 17

1946

Question 18

Kenyatta became President of the Kenya African Union

Answer 18

1947

Question 19

Anti-colonial riots in Buganda

Answer 19

1945 and 1949

Question 20

Strikes hit Rhodesian copper mines

Answer 20

1935

Question 21

South African Industrial and Commercial Workers Union

Answer 21

Organised successful strikes in 1920

Question 22

Investment in the Gezira Cotton Scheme in Sudan

Answer 22

1920, £3 million for dam building and expansion of irrigation

Question 23

Investment in East Africa

Answer 23

1925, £10 million for improving rail and dock facilities

Question 24

Investment in West Africa

Answer 24

Investment in schools and educational facilities

Question 25

Limits to investment schemes in Africa

Answer 25

Projects still had to be funded primarily by the tax payers

Question 26

British took control in Rhodesia originally

Answer 26

1889 - administered by BSAC

Question 27

Company in Southern Rhodesia had amassed a debt of…

Answer 27

£4.5 million, which any new administration would have to pay off

Question 28

Company agreed that the British would only have to pay…

Answer 28

£1.5 million provided that they confirmed the settlers’ rights to some land and minerals in Northern Rhodesia
This was agreed in 1923

Question 29

Southern Rhodesia came under the full control of the Legislative Assembly

Answer 29

October 1923

Effectively run by the white settlers who dominated the assembly

Question 30

Amery White Paper

Answer 30

1927
Attempted to undo the Devonshire White Paper
Stated that natives should have to share the ‘trust’ with the white settlers

Question 31

Hilton Young Report

Answer 31

1929 - Royal Commission under Sir Edward Hilton Young stated that governing power should not be given to the white settlers

Question 32

% of black Africans who went to school

Answer 32

Less than 10%

Question 33

Governor of Tanganyika on the state of the colony during the inter-war years

Answer 33

‘lying in mothballs’