AFL 8 Flashcards
A lesion involving lower motor neurones can lead to:
absent muscle fasciculations
hyperreflexia
hypertonia
hypotonia
Hypotonia
Auditory hair cells are located on the:
Basilar membrane
Tectorial membrane
Tympanic membrane
Vestibular membrane
Basilar membrane
Bilateral central scotomas are most likely to arise as a consequence of (choose the best answer):
Damage to the occipital pole
Damage to the blood supply to the thalamus
Midline damage to the optic chiasma
Sectioning of the optic nerve
Damage to the occipital pole
Cerebellar outputs concerning the right hemi-body pass to the motor cortex via which peduncle?
Left middle cerebellar
Left superior cerebellar
Right middle cerebellar
Right superior cerebellar
Right superior cerebellar peduncle
Damage to the lower motor neurons of the facial nerve on the left leads to:
A dry mouth
A lack of taste sensation on anterior two thirds
An inability to cry
Complete paralysis on ipsilateral hemiface
Complete paralysis on ipsilateral hemiface
Decussation of ascending auditory fibres across the midline is likely to occur between which brain regions?
Inferior colliculus
Inferior olivary nucleus
Medial geniculate nucleus
Superior olivary nucleus
Inferior colliculus
Descending upper motor neurones from the left cerebral hemisphere innervate all of the following EXCEPT:
contralateral upper face area
contralateral lower face area
ipsilateral upper face area
ipsilateral lower face area
ipsilateral lower face area
From lateral to medial, which order do descending upper motor neurones descend through the cerebral peduncle?
Leg, trunk, arm, face
Information from the vestibule passes along the vestibulocochlear nerve to which part of cerebellum?
Anterior lobe
Flocculonodular lobe
Posterior lobe
Tonsils
Flocculonodular lobe
Information relating to the position of the left hemi-body passes to the cerebellum via which peduncle?
Left inferior peduncle
Left middle peduncle
Right inferior peduncle
Right middle peduncle
Left inferior peduncle
Low pitch sound will be interpreted by the:
Distal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus
Distal cochlear duct; medial Heschl’s gyrus
Proximal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus
Proximal cochlear duct; medial Heschl’s gyrus
Distal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus
Lower motor neurones from the facial nucleus course around which cranial nerve nucleus as they exit the brainstem?
Abducens
Monocular loss of right visual field on the left eye is due to damage to the:
Anterior optic chiasma
Left lateral optic chiasma
Posterior optic chiasma
Right lateral optic chiasma
Left lateral optic chiasma
The accommodation reflex involves the following EXCEPT
Constriction of pupils
Contraction of lateral rectus
Convergence of orbits
Rounding of lens
Contraction of lateral rectus
The axons found within the optic nerve are from which cell type?
Amacrine
Bipolar
Ganglion
Horizontal
Ganglion
The cell bodies of primary cochlear fibres are located in the:
ciliary ganglion
dorsal cochlear nucleus
spiral ganglion
ventral cochlear nucleus
Spiral ganglion
The majority of descending motor neurones pass through which aspect of the spinal cord:
Anterolateral
Dorsal
Lateral
Ventral
Lateral
The pupillary light reflex relies on two cranial nerves. The afferent limb is formed by the ______; the efferent limb is formed by the ______.
Optic; oculomotor
The tectorial membrane projects in to which space of the cochlea?
Cochlear duct
Scala tympani
Scala vestibuli
Vascular stria
Cochlear duct
The tensor tympani muscle is innervated by which cranial nerve?
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Trigeminal
Vestibulocochlear
Trigeminal
The visual axis passes through the lens directly on to the:
Ciliary body
Macula
Optic disk
Optic nerve
Macula
Visual information from the eye passes to which nucleus of the thalamus?
Medial geniculate
Lateral geniculate
Ventroposterolateral
Ventroposteromedial
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Visual information from the left visual field passes to the ______ retina on the ______ eye; and the ______ retina on the _____ eye.
nasal retina on the left eye; and the nasal retina on the right eye
nasal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye
temporal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye
temporal retina on the left eye; and the nasal retina on the right eye
nasal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye
Visual information from the right upper area of the visual field travels to the occipital lobe via which part of the optic radiation?
Left upper division
Left lower division (Meyer’s loop)
Right upper division
Right lower division (Meyer’s loop)
Left lower division (Meyer’s loop)
