Aetiology of Malocclusion 2 Flashcards
what is the local causes of malocclusion?
localised problem or abnormality within either dental arch, confined to one or more teeth producing a malocclusion
what are local causes of malocclusion
variation in tooth number, size, or form
abnormalities of tooth position
local abnormalities in soft tissues
what are examples of variation in tooth number?
supernumerary teeth (extra)
hypodontia (absent teeth, never developed)
what are the 4 types of supernumerary teeth?
- conical
- tuberculate
- supplemental
- odontome
what is a conical supernumerary tooth?
small, peg shaped, close to midline
If they erupt, just extract
what is a tuberculate supernumerary tooth?
- they tend NOT TO ERUPT
- They are PAIRED
- tuberculate = barrel shaped
- they are one of the main causes when permanent upper incisors fail to erupt
What is a supplemental supernumerary tooth?
- extra tooth with normal tooth morphology
- usually upper laterals or lower incisors
- usually extract them
what is an odontome supernumerary tooth?
- disorganised mass of dentine, pulp and enamel
what can be causes of variation in tooth number?
- supernumerary teeth (extra)
- hypodontia (developmentally absent teeth)
- retained primary teeth
- early loss of primary teeth
- unscheduled loss of permanent teeth
what are factors that influence the impact of the loss of 6s (first molars)?
- age when losing them
- crowding
- malocclusion
what are the definitions of macro and microdontia?
macrodontia - tooth is too large
microdontia - tooth is too small
what problems can macrodontia cause in a patient?
- crowding
- asymmetry
- aesthetics
what problems can microdontia cause in a patient?
- leads to spacing
- there is a link to hypodontia
what is an ectopic tooth?
a tooth NOT LOCATED within the dental arch
how do you manage a patient with ectopic canines?
- initially observe to see if it will resolve itself
- surgical exposure and ortho alignment
- extraction
- autotransplantation (removing it and replanting in proper place)
