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Clinical Microbiology > Aerotolerant Gram Positive Bacillius > Flashcards

Aerotolerant Gram Positive Bacillius Flashcards

1
Q

Gram positive bacillus group

A 
2 Bacillus species 
2 Corynebacterium species
Listeria monocytogenes
Erisipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Lactobacillus
Garderella vaginalis
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2
Q

Bacillus species

A

B. anthracis

B. cereus

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3
Q

The two main pathogens of Cornyebacterium species

A

C. diptheriae

C. jeikium

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4
Q

Bacillus gram stain

A

Spore forming large GPB

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5
Q

Are Bacillus species motile?

A

Yes, almost all species

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6
Q

What environmental conditions suit Bacillus species?

A

Aerobic or Facultative anaerobes

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7
Q

What the Catalase reaction of Bacillus?

A

Catalase positive

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8
Q

Hemolysis reaction of Bacillus?

A

Many are beta hemolytic

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9
Q

Where do Bacillus organisms reside?

A

Most are saphrophytic (feeds on dead tissue) to the skin and can b found in the environment

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10
Q

What ability makes Bacillus resistant to extreme temperatures?

A

They are spore formers.

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11
Q

Bacillus anthracis pathology and virulence?

A

Anthrax

  • Cutaneous anthrax is acquired from handling livestock
  • Pulmonary anthrax is called woolsorter’s disease
  • Agent of bioterrorism
  • Requires level 3 safety hood
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12
Q

Bacillus anthracis colony morphology?

A

Medusa head colonies

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13
Q

What is the motility of Bacillus anthrax?

A

Non-motile

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14
Q

What type of hemolysis does Bacillus anthracis have?

A

Non-hemolytic

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15
Q

Bacillus cereus pathology

A

Food poisoning

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16
Q

Two types of food poisoning causes by Bacillus cereus?

A
  1. Preformed emetic toxin (mostly from rice)
  2. Later onset-caused by spores that are not inactivated by cooking or pasteurization and germinates in the body releases enterotoxin
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17
Q

Listeria infections occur when humans?

A

Eat contaminated food, especially processed meat and dairy.

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18
Q

Listeria is unique b/c?

A

It can grow at 4 C, thus it grows in the fridge.

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19
Q

Listeria growth on BAP resembles…..

A

Group B Strep–milky colonies with slight beta hemolysis

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20
Q

What is catalase reaction for listeria?

A

Positive

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21
Q

What is listeria’s relationship to oxygen?

A

Facultative anaerobic

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22
Q

How does listeria escape the immune system?

A

By living in our cells

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23
Q

GPB that creates a pseudomembrane in the throat

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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24
Q

How is C. diptheriae transmitted?

A

respiratory droplets

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25
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae growth on BAP?

A

usually slightly beta hemolytic, but not always

26
Q

Loeffler media can used to vizualize?

A

metachromatic granules

27
Q

Potassium tellurite media shows Corynebacterium diphtheriae as?

A

gray to black colonies

28
Q

How is Corynebacterium diphtheriae treated?

A

anti-toxin

29
Q

Most people are vaccinated against which Corynebacterium?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

30
Q

Disease process of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

Produces diptheria exotoxin that leads to formation of the pseudomembrabe in oropharynx before the toxin goes on to damage the heart and other organs

31
Q

Does Corynebacterium diphtheriae have a carrier state?

A

Can be carried by healthy individuals.

32
Q

What type of hemolysis does Bacillus cereus have?

A

beta hemolytic

33
Q

What is the colony morphology of Bacillus cereus?

A

usually gray to lavender in color and can vary greatly in size and shape

34
Q

Nickname for Corynebacterium jeikeium?

35
Q

Corynebacterium jeikeium infects what patient most commonly?

A

Generally after broad spectrum antibiotic use

36
Q

Where do people most commonly become infected with Corynebacterium jeikeium?

A

Generally a nosocomial infection and not common.

37
Q

What type of infections does Corynebacterium jeikeium cause?

A

Causes wound infections as well as septicemia.

38
Q

How does Corynebacterium jeikeium respond to antibiotics?

A

Very resistant

39
Q

How does Corynebacterium jeikeium grow on BAP?

A

pinpoint white colonies

40
Q

What air conditions does Corynebacterium jeikeium prefer?

A

Likes increased CO2

41
Q

Corynebacterium catalase reaction and relations to O2?

A

Catalase positive and Aerobes or facultative anaerobe

42
Q

Where in the environment are Corynebacterium found?

A

They are normal inhabitants of skin and mucous membranes of humans.

43
Q

Do Corynebacterium produce spores?

44
Q

Corynebacterium on gram stain?

A

GNB that are pleomorphic and form “Chinese letters” and or “picket fences”

45
Q

Where are Lactobacillus found?

A

Found in the environment and soil.

Normal flora of the human oropharynx and vaginal canal.

46
Q

Lactobacillus is what type of ingredient in food?

47
Q

What is the clinical significance of Lactobacillus?

A

Usually non-pathogenic.It should be the primary organism on vaginal specimens, alteration in pH can affect the environment leading to overgrowth of other organisms. It tolerates pH 3-4 and produces lot of lactic acid.

48
Q

What is the catalase reaction of Lactobacillus?

49
Q

What is the Gram stain appearance of Lactobacillus?

A

Long, thin GPB

50
Q

How is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae acquired?

A

Generally by a veterinarian or meat handler infection of the skin

51
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae catalase reaction?

52
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae gram stain?

A

Thin GPB that sometimes chains

decolorizes easily

53
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae BAP growth?

A

yes.

ususally non-hemolytic

54
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae H2S reaction?

55
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis gram stain?

A

Pleomorphic and gram variable
Unusual cell wall composition
Clue cells can be see from a patient swab

56
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis disease?

A

bacterial vaginosis–very smelly grey discharge

Vaginal pH is altered >4.5

57
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis enivironment?

A

can be normal vaginal flora in small amounts

58
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis growth on BAP?

A

very small, pinpoint non-hemolytic colonies

59
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis air preference?

A

Grows better with increased CO2

60
Q

Listeria can look like what type of strep on a plate?

A

Group B strep agalactiae

Clinical Microbiology (13 decks)

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