aerosol equipment

Question 1

atomizer

Answer 1

general term for a device that creates an aerosol

particles are not uniform in size

Question 2

nebulizer

Answer 2

generates an aerosol of uniform particle size
the more baffles, the smaller and more uniform the particles are.
Baffle son como paredes a ambos lados de el container

Question 3

jet nebulizer

Answer 3

follows bernoulli's principle 
high velocity gas is directed over a tube placed in water , jet flow breaks up the liquid creating particles (may also incorporate an air entrainment port) 
3 types: 
mainstream 
sidestream 
metered dose inhaler

Question 4

large volume neb

Answer 4

used for continuous therapy

Question 5

small volume neb

Answer 5

usually used for med delivery

Question 6

mainstream Nebs

large volume neb

Answer 6

aerosol is created within main gas flow chamber
produces large droplets
mainstream are usually cold nebs( large volume neb)
can create high RH, specially if a heater is used

Question 7

sidestream NEb

small volume neb

Answer 7

aerosol are created outside the main flow gas
created a finer mist (better for meds)
use flows of 6-8 lpm to produce optimum particle size

Question 8

pari neb

Answer 8

makes very small particles, mostly use for cystic fibrosis patients

Question 9

metered dose inhalers (MDI)

Answer 9

pressurized canisters that provide predetermined (metered) doses of drugs
-all particles are in the optimum size range
always use with an aerochamber attached, that way you don’t have to wait to coordinate with inspiration

Question 10

ultrasonic nebulizer

Answer 10

type of large neb 
produces a very dense mist 
converts electrical current into high frequency vibrations that break up solution into aerosol particles.
-amplitude- contrils output 
frequency- determines particle size

Question 11

vibrating mesh neb

Answer 11

Electricity is applied to mesh causing size of apertures to go up and down by 1 to 2 μm, producing very fine mist delivered to patient
As fluid is pumped through apertures, particles are produced.
Particle sizes range from 2 to 5 μm

Question 12

SPAG

Answer 12

small particle aerosol generator
designed specifically to deliver ribavirin
95% of particles are <5 microns

Question 13

indications for use of nebulizers

Answer 13

• delivery of bronchoactive agents (meds like ventolin)
  -sputum induction (hypertonic solution is nebulized to caused bronchospasm) = cough
  treatment of upper airway inflammation (cool mist )

Question 14

infection risk hazards of aerosol therapy

Answer 14

many communicable diseases are spread by droplets

• aerosol therapy should be avoided if at all possible in any patietn who has a disease spread by droplets
• bronchospasm- irritation
• eye irritation
• exposure to second han aerosol drugs ( not sterelized properly)