Aeromedical Flashcards

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1
Q

Inner Ear
-how many parts?
-what part tracks movement?

A

-inner, middle, outer
-inner cochlea is shaped like a spiral, has fluid inside with call hair that tracks movement of fluid. Tracks pitch, yaw, roll

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2
Q

Ways to Clear Eardrums

A

-Valsalva: hold nose and light pressure
-Swallow water
-Move jaw

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3
Q

3 Ways Our Bodies Determine Orientation and Movement in Space

A
  1. Visual: eyes
  2. Vestibular: ears
  3. Somatosensory: rest of body
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4
Q

How long should we give our eyes time to orient?

A

30 minutes

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5
Q

Visual/Landing Illusions

A

ICEFLAGS:
Inversion: quick change from climbing to level, body thinks we are still climbing so we pitch, power, trim and then stall

Coriolis: head movement in quick opposite direction, think we are spinning opposite direction, hit wrong rudder and exaggerate spin

Elevator: abrupt upward or downward movement, creates illusion of ascent/descent, go opposite direction to correct to “level” but actually in a consistent climb or descent

False Horizon: cloud formation creates a fake horizon, naturally bank to match the fake horizon

Leans: abrupt over correction to a banked attitude, think you are banking in the opposite direction

Autokinesis: in the dark. Stationary light can look as though it is moving, makes the ground look like it is the sky

Graveyard Spin and Signal:
-SPIN: illusion of opposite spin
-SIGNAL: loss of altitude but illusion is wings are level

Somatogravic: rapid acceleration at takeoff, nose up attitude is too steep, happens often during short field takeoff

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6
Q

Hypoxia
-What is it?

A

Reduced or not enough oxygen

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7
Q

Regulations for altitude and oxygen requirements

A

Need oxygen:
12,500- 14,000 pilot for more than 30 min
14,001- 15,000 all crew at all times
15,000 and up, all crew and passengers at all times

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8
Q

Symptoms of Hypoxia

A

Cyanosis- blue fingers and nails (end game symtoms)
Headaches
Decreased reaction time- time of useful consciousness varies per altitude, time reduces with altitude
Impaired judgement
Euphoria
Tunnel vision
Drowsiness
Lightheaded/ Dizzy
Tingling in fingers and toes
Numbness
Varying reactions such as laughing

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9
Q

True/False
Hypoxia only occurs at high altitudes.

A

False
Flying at night at 5,000 feet is the same as flying during the day at 10,000. Eye needs more oxygen at night so it is a similar effect.

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10
Q

Types of Hypoxia

A

-Hypoxic
-Hypemic
-Histotoxic
-Stagnant
-Hyperventilation

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11
Q

2 Types of Fatigue

A

Chronic- ongoing
Acute- one or two nights in a row

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12
Q

PAVE Checklist

A

Check to ensure you are ready to fly:
Pilot- IMSAFE
I- illness
M- medication
S- stress
A- alcohol
F- fatigue
E- emotion
Aircraft
EnVironment
External pressures

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13
Q

Runway Illusions
-slope
-width

A

-Slope:
Upsloping: come in too low. FIX: come in higher
Downsloping: come in too high FIX: come in lower

-Width:
Narrow: come in too low. FIX: come in higher
Wide: come in too high. FIX: come in lower

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14
Q

Hypoxic

A

Lack of oxygenated blood caused by increase in altitude

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15
Q

Hypemic

A

Blood can’t take oxygen in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause this.

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16
Q

Stagnant Hypoxia

A

Oxygen rich blood isn’t flowing where it needs to be (Fighter pilots have g suits)

17
Q

Histotoxic

A

Inability of cells to take in oxygen due to drugs or alcohol

18
Q

Hyperventilation

A

increased breathing rate due to anxiety, panic, fright etc.