Aeromedical

Question 1

Inner Ear
-how many parts?
-what part tracks movement?

Answer 1

-inner, middle, outer
-inner cochlea is shaped like a spiral, has fluid inside with call hair that tracks movement of fluid. Tracks pitch, yaw, roll

Question 2

Ways to Clear Eardrums

Answer 2

-Valsalva: hold nose and light pressure
-Swallow water
-Move jaw

Question 3

3 Ways Our Bodies Determine Orientation and Movement in Space

Answer 3

1. Visual: eyes
2. Vestibular: ears
3. Somatosensory: rest of body

Question 4

How long should we give our eyes time to orient?

Answer 4

30 minutes

Question 5

Visual/Landing Illusions

Answer 5

ICEFLAGS:
Inversion: quick change from climbing to level, body thinks we are still climbing so we pitch, power, trim and then stall

Coriolis: head movement in quick opposite direction, think we are spinning opposite direction, hit wrong rudder and exaggerate spin

Elevator: abrupt upward or downward movement, creates illusion of ascent/descent, go opposite direction to correct to “level” but actually in a consistent climb or descent

False Horizon: cloud formation creates a fake horizon, naturally bank to match the fake horizon

Leans: abrupt over correction to a banked attitude, think you are banking in the opposite direction

Autokinesis: in the dark. Stationary light can look as though it is moving, makes the ground look like it is the sky

Graveyard Spin and Signal:
-SPIN: illusion of opposite spin
-SIGNAL: loss of altitude but illusion is wings are level

Somatogravic: rapid acceleration at takeoff, nose up attitude is too steep, happens often during short field takeoff

Question 6

Hypoxia
-What is it?

Answer 6

Reduced or not enough oxygen

Question 7

Regulations for altitude and oxygen requirements

Answer 7

Need oxygen:
12,500- 14,000 pilot for more than 30 min
14,001- 15,000 all crew at all times
15,000 and up, all crew and passengers at all times

Question 8

Symptoms of Hypoxia

Answer 8

Cyanosis- blue fingers and nails (end game symtoms)
Headaches
Decreased reaction time- time of useful consciousness varies per altitude, time reduces with altitude
Impaired judgement
Euphoria
Tunnel vision
Drowsiness
Lightheaded/ Dizzy
Tingling in fingers and toes
Numbness
Varying reactions such as laughing

Question 9

True/False
Hypoxia only occurs at high altitudes.

Answer 9

False
Flying at night at 5,000 feet is the same as flying during the day at 10,000. Eye needs more oxygen at night so it is a similar effect.

Question 10

Types of Hypoxia

Answer 10

-Hypoxic
-Hypemic
-Histotoxic
-Stagnant
-Hyperventilation

Question 11

2 Types of Fatigue

Answer 11

Chronic- ongoing
Acute- one or two nights in a row

Question 12

PAVE Checklist

Answer 12

Check to ensure you are ready to fly:
Pilot- IMSAFE
I- illness
M- medication
S- stress
A- alcohol
F- fatigue
E- emotion
Aircraft
EnVironment
External pressures

Question 13

Runway Illusions
-slope
-width

Answer 13

-Slope:
Upsloping: come in too low. FIX: come in higher
Downsloping: come in too high FIX: come in lower

-Width:
Narrow: come in too low. FIX: come in higher
Wide: come in too high. FIX: come in lower

Question 14

Hypoxic

Answer 14

Lack of oxygenated blood caused by increase in altitude

Question 15

Hypemic

Answer 15

Blood can’t take oxygen in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause this.

Question 16

Stagnant Hypoxia

Answer 16

Oxygen rich blood isn’t flowing where it needs to be (Fighter pilots have g suits)

Question 17

Histotoxic

Answer 17

Inability of cells to take in oxygen due to drugs or alcohol

Question 18

Hyperventilation

Answer 18

increased breathing rate due to anxiety, panic, fright etc.