Advanced Words 4 Flashcards
- to allow someone or something to make decisions for you or tell you what to do because of your respect for them or because of their higher rank, authority, knowledge, etc.
Defer to sb/sth:
Formal
Ex: I have to defer to my boss on important decisions
- In sports such as tennis, to hit the ball to the other player as a way of starting the game
Serve(v):
Ex: whose turn is it to serve?
- In sports such as tennis the act of hitting the ball to the other player to start play
Service(n):
Ex: she has a very fast service
- The score in tennis when players have 40 points
- The word for “two” in some cards and dice games
Deuce(n):
The deuce:
- used in questions to express anger or surprise
Ex: what the deuce do you think you’re doing?
- The act of thinking carefully and for a long period about something
- sự nhai lại
Rumination(n):
- involving a lot of excited movement or activity
Frenetic(adj):
Ex: after weeks of frenetic activity the job was finally finished
- Deep respect and often praise shown for person or god
homage(n):
Ex: on this occasion we pay homage to him for his achievements
 elude(v):
- If something that you want eludes you, you do not succeed in achieving it
Formal
Ex: The gold medal continues to elude her
- The good reputation a person or organization has
- height
Stature(n):
/staechow/
Ex: his stature as an art critic was tremendous
His red hair and short stature made him easy to recognize
- The fact that someone likes sth or likes to do sth
Proclivity(n):
Formal
Ex: His proclivity for shapely blondes
- Time that you spend with sb, giving them your full attention because you value the relationship
Quality time(n):
Ex: he spends quality time with his children every day
- killing and violence
Bloodshed (n):
Ex: The army was brought in to try to prevent further bloodshed
- to cause sb to experience sth less strongly than before
Desensitize(v):
Ex: seeing too much violence on television can desensitize people to it
- Very comfortable and of very high quality
Deluxe(adj):
Ex: A deluxe hotel in Paris
- to agree with a person or an organization and work with them or support their ideas
Align yourself with sth/sb:
Ex: the company has committed to align itself closely with specialty retailers
- to disapprove of sth
frown on/upon sth:
Ex: smoking is frowned upon in many societies
- wield the power/influence
Hold sway
Formal
Ex: party leaders held sway over the hearings
- a period of time when an illness is less severe or is not affecting anyone
- a reduction of the time that a person has to stay in prison
Remission(n):
Formal
Ex: her cancer has been in remission for several years
He was given three month’s remission for good behavior
- a feeling of friendliness towards people that you work or share an experience with
Camaraderie(n):
= comradeship
Ex: when you’ve been climbing alone for hours there’s a tremendous sense of camaraderie when you meet another climber
- to show people that sb is not as perfect as they seem to be
Knock sb off their pedestal
Ex : this recent scandal has really knocked the president off his pedestal
- to have a continuous up and down movement or shape, like waves on the sea
Undulate(v):
Ex: the road undulates for five miles before a steep climb
Gynecologist (n):
/gainowcalowgist/
Bác sĩ phụ khoa
- to suffer or experience, especially damage or loss
Sustain(v):
Ex: She sustained multiple injuries in the accident.
- the changing of an employee’s working conditions with the aim of forcing their resignation
Constructive dismissal(n):
Ex: she is claiming constructive dismissal against her former employers
- the relationships within organizations that allow particular people to have power over others
Office politics(n):
Ex: She seems good at handling office politics.
- to do your work/business
Ply your trade:
Ex: street vendors ply their trade on street corners across the country
- to stay working in a job
Hold down:
Ex: he’s never been able to hold down a steady job
- to remove sb from sth such as a job/a set of responsibilities or sth that they are carrying
- to rob sb of sth (humorous)
Relieve sb of sth:
Formal
Ex: may i relieve you of that heavy bag?
The pickpocket delicately relieved him of his wallet
- to keep working, hold a position, or stay swh until after the end of an agreed period of time
Serve sth out:
Ex: he served out his contract after he’d given notice
- the period of time that an employee must work in their job after they have said that they are leaving, or after they have been asked to leave
Notice period(n):
Ex: a notice period of two months
- to lose the right to do or have sth because you have broken a rule
Forfeit(v):
Ex: if you cancel now, you forfeit your deposit
These people have forfeited the right to live in society
- to persuade sb who works for sb else to come and work for you
Poach(v):
Ex: they were furious when one of their best managers was poached by their rival company
- a person/an organization with a lot of power/influence
Big shot/noise(n):
Ex: he is trying to become a big shot in the mortgage business
Solicitor(n):
Cố vấn pháp lý
- one of the managers who are responsible for the most important activities
Line manager(n):
- to make sb do sth that they do not want to do
Force sb’s hand:
- sth that you get for working, in addition to your pay, that is not in the form of money
Fringe benefit(n):
Ex: fringe benefits include a company car and free health insurance
- to officially accuse sb of an offense
File a suit/a lawsuit/charges against sb:
Ex: I’m going to file charges against my neighbors if he keeps harassing me like that
- moving or able to move to a higher social class
Upwardly mobile:
Ex: the meeting attracted upwardly mobile professional and political women
- a legal action that is organized by a group of people who all have the same legal problem
Class action(n):
Ex: a class-action lawsuit
- to use sth for a different purpose
- to entertain sb
Divert(v):
Ex: should more funds be diverted from roads to railways?
It’s a great game for diverting restless kids on long car rides
- sb who makes sure that things are done according to a dead person’s will
Executor(n):
Ex: she died recently and I’m the executor of her will
- sb who makes a legal complaint about sb else in a court of law
Plaintiff(n):
(Nguyên đơn)
- a place where people are stopped and asked questions and vehicles are examined
Checkpoint(n):
- a decision based only on a specific rule and not on any other consideration
- a detail or small matter
Technicality(n):
Ex: He was disqualified from the competition on a technicality.
The case was dismissed on a technicality and will be retried at a later date.
Dividend(n):
- cổ tức
- one or more of the lawyers taking part in a legal case
- advice
- to give advice
Counsel(n):
Ex: Maloney skipped the meeting on the advice of counsel
My job involves counselling unemployed people on/about how to find work.
- a legal document from a law court that tells you that you will be involved in a legal process and explains what you must do
- the authority to rule and make law
Writ(n):
Ex: There have been at least seven writs issued against him for late payment of bills.
Holy writ
Precinct(n):
- a division of a city or town, esp. an area protected by one police station, or a division used for elections
Publicly-quoted company:
- công ty niêm yết
- to cause sb to be involved in an unrest/straits
Embroil(v):
Ex: she had no desire to embroil herself in lengthy lawsuits with the tabloid newspaper
- a difficult situation
Straits(n):
[plr]
Ex: so many companies are in such dire straits that their prices have come right down
- predicament
Plight(n):
- a fight in public place
Affray(n):
Ex: Wallace was charged with causing an affray at a Southampton nightclub
- the act of getting money from people or forcing them to do sth by threatening to tell a secret of theirs or to harm them
Blackmail(n, v):
Ex: if you are in a position of aithority, any weakness leaves you open to blackmail
Bribery(n):
- hối lộ
- the act of getting sth by force or threats
Extortion(n):
Ex: he was found guilty of obtaining the money by extortion
- Involvement in a dishonest scheme to trick people
Racketeering(n):
Ex: they took part in racketeering activity which included money laundering and fraud.
—> racket(n): an illegal or dishonest way of making money
- prohibitive
Extortionate (adj):
- to take sb to court for a trial
Have sb up
- a person who is unwilling to work
Layabout (n):
- to produce large amounts of something quickly
Churn sth out:
Ex: She churns out a new best-selling novel every year.
- to give money or goods in a (too) generous way to a lot of people
Ladle sth out:
Ex: In those days doctors ladled out antibiotics to patients.
- a hard area at the side of a main road where a driver can stop if there is a serious problem
Hard shoulder/margin/shoulder(n):
- unwilling to be noticed or to be with other people
Retiring(adj):
Formal
Ex: to be shy and retiring
Have a hide/skin like a rhinoceros
- to have the ability ro ignore verbal attacks or opprobrium from others
- to force sb to leave a position of power, job, or competition
Oust(v):
Ex: the president was ousted from power in a military coup in January 1987
- a sudden illegal taking of government power
Coup(n):
Ex: a military coup
- affecting everyone or everything within an organization, system or society
Across-the-board(adj):
Ex: the proposed across-the-board cuts for all state agencies will total 84 million dollars
- to fully understand all the details of an issue or situation
To be across sth:
Ex: Ayanokouji is across all the knowledge of various fields
- very special and suitable for a king or queen
Regal(adj):
/ri…/
Ex: a regal pose/manner
Pick up the tab/bill (for sth):
- to pay for sth, esp. for what sb else bought or used
Ex: the company will pick up the tab for this trip
Artillery shell(n):
- Đạn pháo
Rogue(adj):
- behaving in ways that are not expected or not normal, often in a way that causes damage
Ex: a rogue state
- military weapons such as guns and bombs
Munitions (n):
Ex: a munitions depot
- mạng lưới điện
Power grid(n):
- to leave a position or place (=decamp)
Vacate(v):
Formal /vei…/
Ex: when he left the uni, he had to vacate his university-provided housing
- a situation in which an agreement in an argument does not seem possible
Standoff(n):
Ex: the standoff between potential buyers and sellers has effects throughout the economy
- a regular rise and fall of sound
Cadence(n):
/keidowns/
- the quality of including a lot of small details
Granularity(n):
Formal
Ex: the marketing analysis offers a high level of granularity
- a substance that is not medicine, but that is given to someone who is told that it is a medicine, used to test the effect of a drug or to please a patient
Placebo(n):
/plowsibau/
Ex: She was only given a placebo, but she claimed she got better - that’s the placebo effect.
- sth that is allowed or the act of allowing sth
- the act of admitting defeat
Concession(n):
—>Concede(v)
Ex: he stated firmly that no concessions will be made to the terrorists
The former president’s concession came even before all the votes had been counted
- to allow a person to vote
Enfranchise(v):
Formal
Ex: women in britain were first enfranchised jn 1918
- to take away money or property especially for public use without payment to the owner, or for personal use illegally
Expropriate(v):
Ex: he was discovered to have been expropriating company funds
- a small part left from something larger and more important, esp. one that is no longer used
Vestige(n):
Formal
Ex:  Vestiges of ancient settlements can be seen in the caves.
- a person or group that is ridiculed
Laughingstock(n):
Ex: this team has become the laughingstock of the league
- to show the limits of sth
Demark/demarcate(v):
Ex: parking spaces are demarcated by white lines
- an action of opposition by many people in one area of a country against those who are in power
Uprising/rising(n):
= insurrection
Ex: following a determined resistance in the east, there was eventually a popular uprising in the capital
- to consider sth or to help other people consider sth in its context
Contextualize(v):
Formal
Ex: displays at the museum help to contextualise each work of art
- to separate sb from sth
Decouple(v):
Ex: some people hope to decouple migration policy from party politics
- having strange or unusual habits, or features
Idiosyncratic(adj):
Ex: he follows a very idiosyncratic schedule
- a system used to make a digital record of all the occasions a cryptocurrency is bought or sold
Blockchain(n):
Ex: blockchain technology has the potential to transform business operating models
- the total value of a company’s shares on a stock market
Market capitalization/capitalization/market cap(n):
Ex: the company has a total market cap of about 12mil dollars
- indiscernible
Unfathomable(adj):
- to suddenly experience a particular state, such as being famous
Be catapulted into sth:
Ex: the award for best actress meant that almost overnight she was catapulted into the limelight
- unpleasant, immoral and unconscionable
Vile (adj):
Ex: this cheese smells vile
- the death penalty
Capital punishment (n):
- a period of time when a criminal must behave well and not commit any more crimes in order to avoid being sent to prison
Probation (n):
( tg quản chế)
- the early release of a prisoner on good behavior or for compassionate reasons
Parole (n):
(đặc xá)
Ex: he’s been released on parole
Plead guilty/innocent:
- nhận tội/ k nhận tội
- to send a person who has been accused of a crime back to prison until more evidence can be collected
Remand(v):
Ex: he was remanded on theft charges
- to take sth illegally from a person, company, etc.
Defraud(v):
Ex: he was found guilty of defrauding the internal revenue service
- an amount of money that a person who has been accused of a crime pays to a law court so that they can be released until their trial.
Bail(n):
Tiền bảo lãnh
Ex: he was released/remanded on bail of $100,000
- to make an official request for sth
File for (divorce/bankruptcy/etc.):
- to decide officially in a law court that sb is not guilty of a particular crime
Acquit(v):
>< convict(v)
- an official decision made in a court at the end of a trial
Verdict (n):
Ex: a verdict of guilty/not guilty
- to catch and arrest sb who had infringed the law
Apprehend (v):
Ex: the assailant was apprehended by police in a hideout near where the attack had taken place
- to keep sb in prison/penitentiary/in a place used as a prison
Incarcerate (v):
Formal
Ex: thousands of dissidents were interrogated or incarcerated
- causing a wrong act to be judged less seriously by giving reasons for it
Extenuating (adj):
Formal
Ex: extenuating circumstances: tình tiết giảm nhẹ hình phạt
- to change a legal decision
Overturn(v):
Ex: the verdict was overturned on appeal to the Hight Court
- a formal request that a decision be changed
Appeal(n, v):
Ex: her appeal against the dismissal was rejected
- to announce an official decision
Hand down:
Ex: the judge handed down a mandatory life sentence to the defendant on account of the serious nature of the crime
- containing bad and false statements about a person
Libellous/libelous(adj):
/lai…/
Ex: libellous accusations
- changing mood or behavior suddenly and unexpectedly
Capricious (adj):
= mercurial
Ex: a capricious child
- polite and showing respect
Deferential (adj):
Ex: she’s always deferential towards anyone in authority
- not telling the truth
Mendacious(adj):
Formal
Ex: some of these statements are misleading and some are downright mendacious
- fastidious/meticulous(-)
Pedantic (adj):
Ex: he has a narrow, pedantic approach to history that puts us to sleep
- repeatedly and loudly expressing your opinions or grievances
Vociferous (adj):
Ex: a vociferous opponent of gay right
- sad and thinking about sth that is impossible/in the past
Wistful(adj):
Ex: i thought about those days with him and grew wistful
- to be in charge of a formal meeting, ceremony, or trial
Preside(v):
Ex: the vice president will preside at today’s meeting
- unhappy, annoyed, and disappointed about sth
Disgruntled(adj):
= morose
Ex: the players were disgruntled with the umpire
- a male leader
Patriarch(n):
- an important supporter of an idea or political system
Protagonist (n):
Ex: Key protagonists of the revolution were hunted down and executed.
- a soldier who fights for any country or group that pays them (soldier of fortune)
- interested only in the amount of money that you can get from a situation
Mercenary(n, adj):
Ex: He had some mercenary scheme to marry a wealthy widow.
- staying too close to and depending on a person who is taking care of you
Clingy (adj):
Ex: Jimmy is such a clingy child
- very silly, unlikely, or unreasonable, often in a way that is humorous
Farcical(adj):
Ex: There were farcical scenes at the meeting.
- quick and probably not detailed
Cursory (adj):
Ex: a cursory glance/look
- (of sth that is to your advantage) not planned, happening by chance
Fortuitous (adj):
Ex: the collapse of its rival was a fortuitous opportunity for the company
- very careful to behave correctly or to give attention to details
Punctilious (adj):
Ex: i am always punctilious in my manners
- to make sb have a feeling that they had in the past
Rekindle (v):
/…in…/
Ex: The holiday was a last chance to rekindle their love.
- to give sb social/political rights/freedom
Emancipate(v):
—> emancipation(n) = liberation
- a place or situation where a lot of a particular activity is happening or might happen
Hotbed (n):
Ex: in the 1960s, the city was a hotbed of crime
- cruel and unfair
- causing dread
Oppressive(adj):
Ex: an oppressive government/military regime
An oppressive silence
- not doing things that give you pleasure, esp. not eating good food or drinking alcohol
Abstemious(adj):
Formal
Ex: I believe the people of my country are as sober and abstemious as the people of any other country
- detrimental, noxious, pernicious
Deleterious(adj):
Formal
Ex: these drugs have a proven deleterious effect on the nervous system
- having no fixed form or shape
Amorphous(adj):
Ex: an amorphous mass of jelly
- a method or way of doing sth
Avenue(n):
Ex: we should explore/pursue every avenue in the search for an answer to this problem
- penniless
Impecunious(adj):
= penurious = indigent
- (especially of children) showing mental development or achievement much earlier than usual
Precocious (adj):
Ex: A precocious child, she went to university at the age of 15.
- to hide your real intentions and feelings or the facts
Dissemble(v):
Formal = conceal
Ex: He accused the government of dissembling.
- to work hard for a long time
Beaver away:
Ex: She has been beavering away at that essay for hours.
- to work without stopping and with a lot of effort
Hammer away at sth
- to agree to work with or help someone in the way they have suggested
Play ball:
- to make someone or something cleaner and tidier or to improve his, her, or its appearance generally
Spruce sb/sth up:
- to dress someone in special clothes, or decorate something for a special occasion
Deck out:
- to give money, often unwillingly
Ante up sth:
Ex: At least 200 people have been persuaded to ante up big money for the charity event.
- sth that prevents an action or an agreement
Stumbling block(n):
- sth that is not sincere
Hot air(n):
- khuỷu tay
Funny bone(n):
- dishonest or immoral behaviour
Hanky-panky(n):
- strong and loyal in your opinions and attitudes
Staunch(adj):
Ex: he has been a staunch supporter of the liberal party for thirty years
- determined not to complain or show your feelings
Stoic(adj):
Ex: We knew she must be in pain, despite her stoic attitude.
- a place that many people like to visit
Mecca (n):
Ex: florence is a mecca for students of art history
- a situation, condition, etc. that is close to or similar to a particular one
Semblance(n):
(+of)
Ex: the ceasefire brought about a semblance of peace
- having a good effect on sb/sth
Salutary(adj):
Formal
Ex: a salutary reminder of the dangers of mountain climbing
- speaking or using several different languages
- cosmopolitan
Polyglot(adj, n):
Formal
Ex: a polyglot bible
Tran Khanh Vy is an admirable polyglot
New York is an exciting polyglot city
- the people who will exist in the future
Posterity(n):
Ex: every attempt is being made to ensure that these works of art are preserved for posterity
- bút bi
Ballpoint pen(n):
- To be having a successful or lucky period
Be on a roll:
Ex: once the experiment succeeded, Tim was on a roll
- too eager to tell people what to do and having too high an opinion of your own importance
Officious(adj):
= overbearing
Ex: He’s an officious little man and widely disliked in the company.
- providing the right conditions for sth good to happen or exist
Conducive(adj):
Ex: such a noisy environment was not conducive to a good night’s sleep
- thương hại
Pathetic(adj):
Ex: the refugees were a pathetic sight-starving, frightened and cold
- to not have enough time, money, etc.
Be pressed for time/money/etc.:
Ex: He has to work overtime, his family is rather pressed for money at the moment
Out of the way:
- unusual
- surprising and unusual
Off the wall:
Ex: an off the wall joke
- to speak or move in a confused way
Bumble(v):
Ex: it was hard to tell what the speaker was saying as she was bumbling
- to criticize or complain often in an annoying way
Nag(v):
Ex: My mum’s always nagging me to get my hair cut.
If doubts or worries nag (away) at you, you think about them all the time
Nag (away) at sb:
Ex: the same thought has been nagging away at me since last week
- the land and buildings owned by sb, esp. by a company or organization
Premises(n):
Ex: The company has expanded rapidly and is now looking for larger premises
- Living alone and avoiding going outside or talking to other people
Reclusive(adj):
Ex: she became increasingly reclusive after the tragedy
—> recluse (n) = hermit
- cho vay nặng lãi
Usury (n):
/ˈjuː.ʒɚ.i/
None the wiser = not be any the wiser
- to not understand/be aware of sth
Ex: I read a computer manual, but I’m still none the wiser
- having very little money
Hard up:
Ex: we’re a bit hard up at the moment
- like or containing water
Aqueous(adj):
—> aqueduct (n)
- nước mắt
Aqueous humor(n):
Cornea (n): giác mạc
- very sad
Doleful(adj):
Ex: A doleful expression
- The situation when there is more than enough of sth
Plenitude(n):
Ex: they have a plenitude of vacancies for drivers
All-purpose(adj):
- Able to be used in many different ways or situations
Ex: An all-purpose household cleaner
- impossible to make smaller or simpler
Irreducible(adj):
Formal
Ex: Due to the ongoing crisis, the cost of production must be cut to irreducible minimum
- A person who is forced by law to stay in a prison or hospital
Inmate(n):
= convict(n)
Ex: The inmates were living in terrible conditions
- in great detail
- using forensic methods
Forensically(adv):
Ex: The novel forensically examines the friendship between two women.
A car used in the robbery has been recovered and is being forensically examined.
- to say that you do not know about sth
Plead ignorance:
Formal
Ex: He pleaded ignorance when they found the package in his suitcase.
- opprobrium and objection
Censure(n):
Formal
Ex: his dishonest behavior came under severe censure
- to disagree with other people about sth
Dissent(v, n):
Formal
Ex: anyone wishing to dissent from the motion should now raise their hand
- to suddenly fall in value, quickly and by a large amount
- a sudden fast fall in prices, value, etc.
Nosedive(v, n):
Ex: House prices nosedived without warning.
- not behaving or moving as expected
Wayward(adj):
Ex: A wayward ball bounced into the yard.
- to tell a story or describe a series of events
Relate(v):
Formal
Ex: She related the events of the previous week to the police.
- ceasefire, armistice
Truce (n):
Ex: We’ve got to spend the weekend together, so we might as well call (= have) a truce.
Bait-and-switch (adj, n):
-  a method of selling in which a product is advertised at a very low price to attract customers, who are then persuaded to buy a different product at a higher price
Ex: bait-and-switch tactics
- becoming less strong, powerful, popular, etc.
On the wane:
Ex: there are signs that support for the group is on the wane.
Cry wolf:
- to keep asking for help when you do not need it
- in a bad or weak state
At a low ebb:
Ex: consumer confidence is currently at a low ebb
- very bad
Execrable(adj):
Formal
Ex: an execrable performance
- speed and eagerness
Alacrity(n):
Formal
Ex: she accepted the money with alacrity
- very stupid
As thick as two short planks:
Ex: he’s a very skilled football player but he’s as thick as two short planks
- a place or an organization that provides care for people who are dying
Hospice(n):
(Nhà an dưỡng cuối đời)
- to suddenly lose the energy or interest to continue doing what you are doing
Run out of steam:
Ex: the peace talks seem to have run out of steam
- to delay/postpone
Defer(v):
Ex: can we defer making a decision until next week?
- the first person to do sth or go swh
Trailblazer(n):
Ex: she was a trailblazer as the only woman in the US Senate
