Advanced Words 1 Flashcards
Nitpick (v):
(PICK)
To find faults into details that are not important.
Ex: He’s always nitpicking people’s mistakes, it’s so annoying.
Ex: A lot of nitpicking was going on about irrelevant things.
Air-dash(v):
(DASH)
-to go somewhere or transport someone quickly or immediately by plane, especially because of an emergency.
Ex: He air-dashed to Delhi for specialist treatment for his injury.
Pinch-hit(v):
(HIT)
-
To do something for someone because they are suddenly unable to do it. (=stand in for sb)
Ex: His colleague came down with flu unexpectedly, Ted was the one who was chosen to pinch-hit for her TV sportscasters.
Pearl-clutching(adj):
(CLUTCH)
-A very shocked reaction especially one in which you show more shock than you really feel in order to show that you think something is morally wrong.
Ex: Talking about sex always causes a bit of pearl-clutching.
Spring-cleaning (n):
=> spring-clean (v)
(CLEAN)
-the act of cleaning all of a place, especially your house, very well.
Ex: The company offers a one-stop software tool for spring-cleaning the home computer.
One-stop (adj):
(STOP)
-activities that all happen in a single place, or to refer to places where this happens.
Ex: The Quays is a one-stop destination for culture, entertainment, people-watching and lazing over lunch.
Preternatural (adj):
(NATURE)
-more than is usual or natural.
Ex:  anger gives me preternatural strength and I managed to force the door open.
Black-and-blue (adj):
(BLUE)
-with dark marks on skin caused by being hit or having an accident.
Ex: The fall left her leg all black-and-blue.
Blabbermouth(n):
(MOUTH)
-A person who talks carelessly often telling secrets to other people.
Ex: it is just as wrong to let a blabbermouth work his way into security channels, even though the hour is such that he can do no immediate harm.
Benighted(adj):
(NIGHT)
-without knowledge or morals.
Ex:  some of the early explorers thought of the local people as benighted savages who could be exploited.
Commentariat(n):
(COMMENT)
-A council of analysts or commentators.
Ex:  It is left to the commentariat and the Australian people to address big-picture global issues which have dogged us for years but seemed too big to comprehend, let alone tackle
Dog(v):
-to follow someone closely, continually.
Ex: The scandal seems likely to dog him for months to come.
Interconvertible(adj):
(CONVERT)
-be able to convert each other.
Ex: owing to the capacity of RNA to form a large variety of different structures, which are dynamic and interconvertible, special RNA molecules have evolved that carry out enzymatic reactions.
Precursor(n):
-Something that comes before another and may lead to it or influence its development.
Ex: biological research has often been a precursor to medical breakthroughs.
Perpetuate(v):
-to cause something to continue
Ex: Increasing the supply of weapons will only perpetuate violence and anarchy .
Impunity(n):
-freedom from punishment or from the unpleasant results of something that has been done.
Ex: Criminal gangs are terrorizing the city with apparent impunity.
Consolidate(v):
-to become, or cause sth to become stronger and more certain.
Ex: She hoped that marriage would consolidate their relationship.
unforetold(adj):
(TELL)
-Be unable to be foretold
Headline-grabbing(adj):
(LINE)
-Reported as a very important story in the news
Ex:  The headline-grabbing story focuses on his concerns about drug-taking, swearing and a host of other antisocial teenage activities.
Insurmountable(adj):
(MOUNT)
-(especially have a problem or a difficulty) so great that it cannot be dealt with successfully.
Ex: The small country is faced with insurmountable debt.
Conform(v):
-To behave according to the usual standards of behavior that are expected by a group or society.
Ex: At our school, you are required to conform and there was no place for originality.
Originality(n):
(ORIGIN)
-The quality of being special and interesting and not the same as anything or anyone else.
Ex: we were impressed by the originality of the children’s work.
Gender-nonconforming(adj):
(CONFORM)
-Exhibiting behavioral, cultural or psychological traits but do not correspond with the traits typically associated with one’s sex.
Ex: Transgender Studies Quarterly bills itself at the first nonmedical journal focusing on issues facing the trans in gender-nonconforming communities.
Nonconformity(n):
(CONFORM)
-The quality of living and thinking in a way that is different from other people
Ex: Her clothes were an immediate signal of her nonconformity.
Vitreous(adj):
-Made of or similar to glass
Ex: vitreous china
Devitrification(n):
(VITREOUS)
-The process by which the glass loses part or all of its glassy nature through crystallization.
Ex: The presence of glass 4 billion years old on the moon elucidates water is essential to the rate of devitrification.
Elucidate(v):
-to explain something or make something clear.
Ex: The reasons for the change in weather conditions have been elucidated by several scientists.
Occlude(v):
-to block sth
Ex: Veins can get occluded by blood clots.
Malocclusion(n):
(OCCLUDE)
-(dentistry) A condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally.
Ex: most malocclusion can be corrected by extractions and removable appliances of the therapy.
 dethronement(n):
(THRONE)
-The removal of the dynasty or an empire
Ex: The dethronement of the king interrupted the completion of the project.
Approbation (n):
-approval or agreement, often given by an official group.
- praise
Ex: Kids need their fathers’ approbation.
-simple and not wanting to deceive
Artless(adj)
Ex: “Why did you take the money?” she asked the child. “Because I wanted it,” came the artless reply.
-avoiding physical pleasures and living a simple life, often for religious reasons.
Ascetic (adj) /əˈset̬.ɪk/
Ex: they live a very ascetic life.
-to make unpleasant feelings less.
Assuage (v)
Ex: The government has tried to assuage the public’s fears.
-(of a part of the body) to be reduced in size and therefore strength, or, more generally, to become weaker
Atrophy (v):
Ex: In the 1980s, their political power gradually atrophied (= became weaker).
-very simple, with only the things that are absolutely necessary, especially because of severe limits on money or goods.
Austere(adj):
Ex: an austere childhood during the war.
-boring, ordinary, and not original
Banal(adj):
Ex: He just sat there making banal remarks all evening.
-very common or ordinary
Garden-variety =common or garden(adj)
Ex: an ordinary, garden-variety mystery story
-used or said so often that it seems ordinary, meaningless, or not sincere
Hackneyed(adj): /ˈhæk·nid/
Ex: a hackneyed plot.
-wishing to fight or argue.
-fighting a war.
Belligerent (adj):
Ex (1): a belligerent person.
Ex (2): The belligerent countries are having difficulties funding the war.
Bemoan(v):
-to complain or express sadness about something.
Ex: Researchers at universities are always bemoaning their lack of funds.
Benign(adj):
-A benign growth is not cancer and is not likely to be harmful.
Ex: a benign tumour.
(OPP: malignant)
Bolster (v):
-to support or improve something or make it stronger.
Ex: They need to do something to bolster their image.
-using long and difficult words, usually to make people think you know more than you do
Bombastic(adj):
Ex: A bombastic statement.
-a person who is rude
Boor(n):
=> boorish (adj): rude, insensitive
-Secretly
Covertly (adv):
Ex: Terrorists have been operating covertly in England
-In old and poor condition
Dilapidated(adj):
Ex: The hotel we stayed and was really dilapidated.
-The possible results of an action
Ramification(n):
Ex:  have you ever considered all the ramifications of your suggestion?
-To prevent something or make it impossible
Preclude(v):
Ex: The fact that your application is not successful does not preclude the possibility of you applying next time.
-Something, especially of a way of getting help, on which you depend
Lifeline(n):
Ex: for many old people living on their own the phone is their lifeline to the outside world.
-An enemy, antagonist, opponent
Adversary(n):
Ex: Europe was accustomed to dealing with an adversary, now it must deal with an enemy.
-To prevent something from continuing
Call a halt to sth
Ex: How many more people have to die before they call a halt to the fighting.
Atrocity(n):
-an extremely cruel, violent, or shocking act
Ex: They are on trial for committing atrocities against the civilian population.
(By) courtesy of:
-By permission of
-because of
Ex: jessie J appears courtesy of Universal records.
-A signature especially of a famous figure
Autograph(n)
-offspring
Progeny(n):
Plr formal
Ex: his numerous progeny are scattered all over the country.
-Caused by humans or their activities
Anthropogenic(adj):
Ex: anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases
-To spend a lot on goods
Splurge(v):
(informal)
Ex: I feel like splurging out on a new car.
-To fight a war or organize a series of activities in order to achieve something
Wage(v):
(Formal)
Ex: some strategies argue that russia’s capacity to wage war will be diminished without the fossil fuel revenues to fund its military.
Ex: they’ve been waging a long campaign to change the law
-To try to change or have influences on things that are not your responsibility
Meddle(v):
Ex: Russia’s aggression, insecurity and meddling in Europe persist long after the hydrocarbon era.
-suggestible
Pliant(adj):
Ex: I don’t think it’s a good thing for children to be too pliant.
-not containing lead
Unleaded(adj):
Ex: cars these days all use unleaded petrol.
-a feeling of hate or anger towards someone
Animus(adj):
Ex: he harbors no animus towards his opponent.
-The opposite
The inverse
Ex: dividing by two is the inverse of multiplying by two.
-Opposite in relation to something else
Inverse(adj):
Ex: their generosity was inverse proportion/relation to their income.
-Authority given to a person to act for someone else, or the person who this authority is given to
Proxy(n):
Ex:  can you nominate someone as a proxy to sign for me?
-not growing or developing
Stagnant(adj):
Ex: A stagnant economy
-Seeming to be right or true but really wrong or false.
Specious(adj):
/spi:…/
Ex: his whole argument is specious.
-Extremely stressful
Wrenching(adj):
Ex: It was the most wrenching decision of the president’s life
-to force someone or something to experience something unpleasant
Inflict(v):
= be subject to sth
Ex: why would anyone inflict harm on a helpless animal?
-to move further away in the distance or become less clear
Recede(v):
Ex: Marylin expects to go home after the floods recede.
-complete or not destroyed or damaged
Intact(adj):
Ex: The church was destroyed by the missile but the altar remained intact.
-an aggregation or a continuous network of urban communities
- A city area containing a large number of people, formed by various towns growing in joining together.
Conurbation(n):
(It actually has quite a similar meaning to urban agglomeration)
Ex: Phu Tho( itself comprising PT and VT).
-beginning
Incipient(adj):
(Formal)
Ex: sign of incipient public frustration.
Pluripotent(adj):
- A pluripotent cell is able to develop into several different types of cell.
-having more than one center
Pluricentric(adj):
Ex: In multiple locations we see the emergence of massive pluricentric urban regions.
-To live or exist longer than someone or something else
Outlive(v):
Ex: his artistic output will outlive that of many of his contemporaries
-to spread through something and be present in every part of it
Permeate(v):
Ex: The foul smell of stale beer permeated the whole building.
Ex: dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated every sector of society.
Inveterate(adj):
-doing something very often and cannot stop doing it.
Ex: an inveterate liar, gambler
-The process of starting to include more different types or things
Diversification(n):
Ex: The policy may also offer improved energy security through diversification of energy sources.
-Based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory
Empirical(adj):
Ex: we have no empirical evidence that the industry is in trouble.
-The ability of a business or system to grow larger
Scalability(n):
Ex: there are doubts about the profitability and the scalability of the company’s web business.
-A painful burning feeling in the lower chest caused by the stomach not digesting food directly
Heartburn(n):
- Not able to be changed or improved
Definitive(adv):
/di’finitiv/
Ex:  A definitive judgment/ruling
-to manage or organize something
Quarterback(v):
-The thing that is most important to the continuing success and existence of something
Lifeblood(n):
Ex: tourism is the lifeblood of Hawaii’s economy.
-a larger number of events than usual, esp. unpleasant ones, happening at about the same time.
Spate(n):
Ex: police are investigating a spate of burglaries in the kingsman road areas.
-A group of tents or temporary shelters put in one place
Encampment(n):
Ex: many people are living in encampments around the city with no electricity or running water
Demonetize(v):
MONEY
-to officially stop using particular notes of coins or a particular currency.
Ex: In 2000 to the currencies of 12 European countries were demonetized and replaced with the Euro.
-Pictures or words that are used to represent something for example a situation
Imagery(n):
Ex: satellite imagery and computer models are being used to track weather patterns and predict storms
-no longer existing living or working correctly
Defunct(adj):
FUNCTION
Ex: members of a now defunct communist organization
Meltdown(n):
-A dangerous accident in which the fuel melt in a nuclear reactor (=device that produces energy).
-A complete failure
Ex: a meltdown and an explosion spewed radioactive material across the region and fallout throughout Western Europe.
Ex: Financial/economic/market meltdown
-to flow or let out in large amounts
Spew(v):
Ex: The volcano spewed out a giant cloud of ash, dust and gases into the air
Convoy(n, v):
-A group of vehicles or ships travel together, especially for protection
-to travel with a vehicle or a group of people to make certain that they arrive safely
Ex: A convoy of trucks containing supplies was sent to the famine area
Ex: shall we all drive to the party in convoy so we don’t get lost?
Exclusion zone(n):
-A hazardous restricted area 
-Lacking order or purpose, not planned
Haphazard(adj):
Ex: he tackled the problem in a typically haphazard manner
-Burned or made black by fire
Charred (adj):
Ex: The house was just a pile of charred wreckage
Ex: Charred meat
-A deep hole dug by soldiers and used as a place from which they can attack the enemy while being hidden
Trench(n):
-(of an illness) Caused by anxiety and worry and not by an infection or injury
psychosomatic(adj):
Ex: A psychosomatic illness
-To try to make someone or a group of people seem completely evil
Demonize(v):
DEMON
Ex: The Nazis used racist propaganda in an attempt to demonize the Jews
-A particular point in time or stage in a series of events
Juncture(n):
Ex: negotiations are at a critical juncture
Ex: At this juncture, it is impossible to say whether she will make a full recovery
-to be unsuccessful
Founder(v):
Ex: Teaching computers to read and write has always foundered on the unpredictable human element in language.
-Spoiled, damaged in quality, taste or value
Tainted(adj):
Ex: tainted seafood
Tainted election results
-changed in color or form over a period of time because of the effects of sun, wind, rain and conditions in the air
Weathered(adj):
Ex: weathered stone
-Completely or extremely
Acutely(adj):
Ex: management is acutely aware of the resentment that their decision may cause
-To refuse to accept a helpful suggestion or offer from someone often by answering in an unfriendly way
Rebuff(v):
Ex: she rebuffed all suggestions that she should resign
-Having the title of a position but not the responsibilities, duties or power; in name only
titular(adj):
/titchulo/
Ex: It is already agreed that Mr. Beth will be the titular head of the new bank.
-To lose a large amount of blood in a short time
Hemorrhage(v):
/hemowrich/
Ex:  She started hemorrhaging while giving birth to the baby
Candor/candour(n):
CANDID
-The quality of being honest
-Humor or lack of seriousness, especially during a serious occasion
Levity(n):
Ex: A brief moment of levity amid the solemn proceedings
-Very embarrassing
Cringey/cringy(adj):
Informal
Ex: Cringey old school photos
-silly
Goofy(adj):
Ex: Through the eyes of a confident, goofy Chinese Canadian girl
-To show something clearly through signs or actions
Manifest(v):
Ex: the workers chose to manifest their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes 
-To criticize or speak in an angry manner to someone
Berate(v):
Ex: As he left the meeting, he was berated by angry demonstrators
-To behave in a way which shows that you consider yourself to be better or more intelligent than other people
Condescend(v):
Ex: he treats his players fairly and never condescends to them
Anaphylaxis(n):
-an extreme and dangerous allergic reaction to something that a person has eaten or touched
Ex: In severe cases, anaphylaxis-the swelling of the tongue and closing of the throat can occur and is life-threatening
-(Especially of something bad or too extreme) complete and affecting a lot of things, people, places etc.
Wholesale(adj):
Ex: Wholesale destruction/ changes
-To speak or to behave towards someone as if they are stupid or not important
Patronize(v):
Ex: Stop patronizing me, I understand the play as well as you do.
-to describe someone in negative way or to make them be considered in a negative way especially unfairly
Tar(v):
Ex: he is not tarred by the scandals of the past
-Different from each other
divergent(adj):
Ex: Divergent interests/ opinions/ views
-The act of controlling or limiting something or someone harmful
Containment(n):
Ex: Containment of crowd violence was the police’s main concern
-A feeling of hate
Enmity(n):
Ex: She denied any personal enmity towards him
-Wishing to fight or start a war
Bellicose/combative(adj):
Ex: The general made some bellicose statements about country’s military strength.
-An arrangement allowing people or groups of people who have different opinions or beliefs to work or live together
Modus vivendi(n):
Ex: our two countries must put aside the memory of war and seek a modus vivendi
-Always being careful to notice things, especially possible danger
Vigilant(adj):
Ex: Following the bomb scare at the airport, the staff has been warned to be extra vigilant
-The act of defeating people or a country and ruling them in a way that allows them no freedom
subjugation(n):
Ex: They are bravely resisting subjugation by their more powerful neighbors
-Complete destruction
Annihilation(n):
/ơnaiowleition/
Ex: during the Cold War the threat of nuclear annihilation was always on people’s minds
-The act of trying to destroy or damage an established system or a government
Subversion(n):
Ex: He was found guilty of subversion and imprisoned
-Extreme fear, excitement, anger etc. that cannot be controlled
Hysteria(n):
Ex: Mass hysteria
-A situation in which nothing can change or no action can be taken
Stalemate(n):
Ex: Stalemate in Congress over education reform has made voters angry
-To accept or absorb an idea, opinion, belief, etc.
Internalize(v):
Ex:  he hadn’t expected the people so readily to internalize the values of democracy
-to persuade someone forcefully to do sth that he or she may not want to do
Coerce(v):
Ex:  i don’t think anybody should be coerced into leaving
-Suggested but not communicated directly
Implicit(adj):
Ex: We interpreted his silence as implicit agreement
-to see, recognize, understand something that is not clear
Discern(v):
Ex: I could just discern a figure in the darkness
-to make someone suddenly feel uncertain or worried
Disconcert (v):
Ex: he was disconcerted by all the attention he was getting
- the abilities and experience that make someone suitable for a particular job or activity, or proof of someone’s abilities or experience
Credentials (n):
Ex: all the candidates have excellent academic credentials
-a particular way of doing or experiencing something
Modality (n):
Ex: A variety of modalities of communication can be used to transmit health warnings to the public.
Palpitation (n):
-the feeling that your heart is beating too quickly or not regularly
Ex: he ended up in hospital with heart palpitations.
-to fix beliefs or ideas in one’s mind, esp. by repeating them too often
Inculcate (v):
Ex: our coach has worked hard to inculcate a team spirit in/into the players.
Fermentation (n):
Quá trình lên men
-the time when someone starts a position of authority, esp. a king or queen
Accession (n):
Ex: 1926 was the year of Emperor Hirohito’s accession to the throne.
-any set of rules about food and exercise that someone follows, in order to improve their health
Regimen (n):
Ex: after his heart attack the doctor put him on a strict regimen.
-seeming to be everywhere
Ubiquitous (adj):
Ex: The mobile phone, that most ubiquitous of consumer-electronic appliances, is about to enter a new age.
-Morally unacceptable
Unconscionable(adj):
Ex: this unconscionable policy will cause great suffering.
-a cheaper copy of an expensive and popular product
Knockoff (n):
Ex: she bought a knockoff of a designer suit.
-To combine two or more separate things especially pieces of text to form a whole
Conflate(v):
Ex: she conflated the three plays to produce a fresh new work.
-wanting very good quality products and willing to pay a lot of money for them
High-end(adj):
Ex: High-end consumers/ equipment/ department store
-Food, money or services that provide help for people in need
Relief(n):
Ex: an international relief operation
Relief agencies / supplies
-To spoil something, making it less good or less enjoyable
Mar(v):
Ex: I hope the fact that Wendy isn’t coming won’t mar your enjoyment of the evening.
Petition(n):
-A document signed by a large number of people demanding or asking for some action from the government or another authority
Ex: I signed a petition against the proposed closure of the local hospital today.
Flat-out(adv):
- completely or simply
Ex: it is unacceptable and just flat-out wrong.
-sb, usually of high social class, who is famous for going to a lot of parties and social events
Socialite(n):
Ex: a wealthy socialite
-Quiet and easy to influence, persuade or control
Docile (adj):
Ex: The once docile population has finally risen up against the ruthless regime.
-When a cow calves, it gives birth to a calf (A young cow)
Calve(v):
Ex: four cows calve overnight
Cusp(n):
-the dividing line between two very different things
Ex: on the cusp of adulthood
-to (cause to) gradually disappear or waste:
Dissipate(v):
Ex: his anger dissipated in a short space of time 
-a set of rules, suggestions, or methods that are considered to be suitable for a particular activity, industry, job, etc.
Playbook(n):
Ex: Nixon rewrote the political playbook.
-To force someone to leave somewhere
Evict(n):
Ex: tenants who fall behind in their rent risk being evicted
-To be something or to be considered as something
Constitute(v):
Ex: economy travelers constitute about 80% of the airlines business
-An official order given by a law court, especially to stop someone from doing something
Injunction(n):
Ex: the court has issued an injunction to prevent the airline from increasing its prices
-Money given as part of the cost of something, to help or encourage it to happen
Subsidy(n):/subsowdi/
Ex: The company received a substantial government subsidy
-A stopping of an activity for an agreed amount of time
Moratorium(n):
->mora’toria(plr)
Ex: A five-year worldwide moratorium on nuclear weapons testing.
-To use something that you already have in order to achieve something new or better
Leverage(v):
Ex: we can gain a market advantage by leveraging our network of partners
-In or at the most advanced position in an area of activity
Leading-edge(adj):
Ex: this is a very important leading-edge project
Leading-edge technology

-The most advanced position in an area of activity
Leading edge(n):
Ex: scientists at the leading edge of cancer research
-The process of improving or correcting a situation
Remediation(n):
Ex: The remediation of reading problems
Environmental remediation
-(Especially of environmental conditions) existing in the surrounding areas
Ambient(adj):
Ex: Ambient conditions/lighting/noise/temperature
Confection(n):
Formal
-A decorated cake
-A pause or rest from something difficult or unpleasant
Respite(n):
Formal
/respowt/(us): /respait/(uk)
Ex: we worked for hours without respite
-The effect that an action, event or decision has on something, especially a bad effect
Repercussion(n):
Ex: Any decrease in tourism could have serious repercussions for the local economy
- the changing of something so that it is not what it was or should be
-A change in the way you behave or live that is not socially acceptable
-Sexual behavior that is considered unnatural and morally wrong
Perversion(n):
Ex(1): his testimony was clearly a perversion of the truth.
Ex(2): What we’re being shown here is not normal family life, it’s a perversion of that.
Ex (3): after World War II the American government viewed homosexuality as an act of perversion.
-A short sudden attack, usually very small group of people
-An occasion when the police enter a place suddenly in order to find someone or something
Raid(n):
Ex(1): The commandos made a daring raid on the enemy
Ex (2): The drugs were found during a police raid on the house
Commando(n):
-A soldier who is specially trained to make attacks on enemy areas that are very dangerous or difficult to attack
Ex: he was an experienced commando with 13 years in the special forces
-To deceive someone into doing something wrong so that the person will be caught
Entrap(v):
Ex: Liquor licenses for gay bars were pulled and undercover officers aimed to entrap gay men so that they could be charged with solicitation
-Protection or shelter from danger, trouble etc. or a place that provides this
Refuge(n):
/refjud3/
Ex: these people are seeking refuge from persecution
-To treat people unfairly or cruelly over a period of time because of their race, religion, etc.
Persecute(v):
Ex: she claimed the government was persecuting its opponents
Overt(adj):
>
-Positive and hoping for good things
Sanguine(adj):
Ex: They are less sanguine about the prospects for peace
-Very energetic, positive and happy
Ebullient(adj):(= High-spirited/exuberant
/ibulient/
Ex: He wasn’t his usual ebullient self
-very sad and without hope
Dismal(adj):
/dizmal/
Ex: The trip was a dismal failure
-Quick to disappear and not lasting very long
Fugacious(adj):
Ex: Love’s fugacious radiance
-Talkative
Loquacious(adj):
Formal
-Impossible to prove wrong
Irrefutable(adj):
Formal
Ex: Irrefutable evidence of health risks
-Something that is unusual enough to be noticeable or seem strange
Anomaly(n):
Ex:  The government does computer checks of tax returns to find anomalies that might indicate fraud.
-to cause people to feel that they have no value and do not have the respect of others
Degrade(v):
Ex: Pornography degrades women
-Not allowing gas or liquid to go through
Impermeable(adj):
>< permeable
Formal
Ex: An impermeable membrane
-closed
Sealed(adj):
Ex: The host opened the sealed envelope containing the names of the winners.
-not supporting any of the sides involved in an argument:
Impartial (adj):
Ex: A trial must be fair and impartial
-(of a person or a person’s opinions) fixed and not easily changed:
Uncompromising(adj):
/uncompromaizing/
Ex:  people are intimidated by her uncompromising ways
-Having similar features to another thing
Analogous(adj):
Ex:  The emergency vehicle for the International Space Station is analogous to a lifeboat.
-Praising or expressing admiration for something or somebody
-Given without charge
Complimentary(adj):
Ex(1): Complimentary remarks
Ex(2): As theater employees, we get complimentary tickets.
-different but useful or attractive when used together
Complementary(adj):
Ex: The complementary skills among the three executives created an effective leadership team.
-Starting to develop
Embryonic(adj):
Ex:  The project is still at an embryonic stage.
-Feeling of superiority
Chauvinism(n):
Ex:  an appeal to national pride and chauvinism
-To limit the strength or meaning of a statement
Qualify(v):
Ex: I’d like to qualify my criticisms of the school’s failings, by adding that it’s a very happy place.
-to wrongly say or think that something was created, said, or written by a particular person
Misattribute(v):
Ex: The museum misattributed a painting to Vincent Van Gogh.
-a particular amount of money that is paid regularly to someone:
Stipend(n):
Ex: As a student advisor, she gets a monthly stipend from the college.
-A person or thing belongs to another time
Anachronism(n):
Ex: For a historical drama, the movie was filled with anachronisms.
-a person or thing that is perfect or has a large amount of a particular good characteristic
Paragon(n):
Ex: a paragon of virtue
The mythical Helen of Troy was considered a paragon of female beauty
-to stop paying attention to sth or sb
Tune out (sth/sb):
Ex: Beverly always tunes out in the middle of her music lesson
-sth such as an idea, phrase, or image that is often used in a particular artist’s work, in a particular type of art, etc.
Trope(n):
Ex: Human-like robots are a classic trope of sci-fi
-to increase the activity or the level of sth
Ramp sth up:
Ex: the company announced plans to ramp up production to 10,000 units per month to meet demand
-unpleasant and difficult
Unenviable(adj):
Ex: I had the unenviable task of cleaning up after the party
-an argument that has existed for a long time, causing a lot of anger or violence
Feud (n):
Ex: a family feud
-To take back a statement or an offer, etc. or admit that a statement was false
Retract(v):
Ex:  When questioned on TV, he retracted his allegations.
-(of a person) friendly and in a good mood, or (of a situation) enjoyable because of being friendly and pleasant
Jovial(adj):
Ex: He seemed a very jovial guy.
a jovial time/evening/chat
-to guess or think about what might happen using information that is already known (=infer)
Extrapolate(v):
Ex: We as economists tend to just predict the future by extrapolating from the past.
-very poor
Indigent(adj):
-angry because of something that is wrong or not fair
Indignant(adj):
Ex: He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake.
-to form a false understanding of the meaning or intention of something that someone does or says (=misinterpret)
Misconstrue(v):
Ex:  Johnson complained that his statements were misconstrued.
-government by a single person or small group that has unlimited power or authority
Autocracy(n):
(=tyranny)
-developing very fast and attracting a lot of attention
Meteoric(adj):
Ex: The group had a meteoric rise to fame in the 70s.
-completely unwilling to change a decision, opinion, demand, etc.
 Unyielding(adj):
Ex: Korea is unyielding in its demands for a new treaty.
-impossible to persuade, or unwilling to change an opinion or decision
Adamant(adj):
Ex: I’ve told her she should stay at home and rest but she’s adamant that she’s coming.
-refusing to change an opinion
Intransigent(adj):
Ex: He was a man of strong views and intransigent positions.
-(in arguments or war) to prevent further disagreement by giving the other side something that they have demanded
 Appease(v):
Ex: She claimed that the government had only changed the law in order to appease their critics.
-to stop someone from doing or saying something, or to prevent something from increasing or continuing
Check(v):
Ex:  They have begun to vaccinate children in an attempt to check the spread of the disease.
-indirect, the real meaning is not clear
Oblique(adj):
Ex:  She made several oblique references to the current financial situation.
-to support, defend, or fight for a person, belief, right, or principle enthusiastically
Champion(v):
Ex:  He has championed constitutional reform for many years.
-short-lasting
Transitory(adj):
Ex: The transitory nature of life
-careful not to cause embarrassment or attract a lot of attention
Discreet(adj):
Ex: She hung the laundry on a line in a discreet corner of the yard.
-disappointed and sad
Crestfallen(adj):
Ex:  He looked crestfallen at their decision.
-treating everyone fairly and in the same way
Equitable(adj):
Formal
/ekwitowbowl/
Ex: An equitable tax system
-a typical or good example of something
Exemplar(n):
Formal
Ex: It is an exemplar of a house of the period.
-having had a slower mental development than other people of the same age
Retarded(adj):
Offensive
Ex: mentally/emotionally retarded
-confidence and style
Aplomb(n):
Ex: Rosalind conducted the meeting with characteristic aplomb
-a complete meltdown, esp. because of bad planning and organization
Debacle(n):
Ex: the collapse of the company was described as the greatest financial debacle in US history
- a bright circle of light, esp. around the head
Aureole(n):
/oriaul/
- boorish and aloof
Abrasive(adj):
Ex: he can sometimes be abrasive in meetings
- to make a machine work or be the reason a person acts in a certain way
Actuate(v):
Ex: he was actuated almost entirely by altruism
- willingness to do things that bring advantages to others, even if it results in disadvantages for yourself
Altruism(n):
- to make sth last for a long time or last longer than necessary
Protract(v):
Ex: the guests did not protract their stay an hour longer
I have no desire to protract the process
- to rub off or remove in4 from a piece of writing
- to cause sth to be forgotten
Expunge(v):
Ex(1): his name has been expunged from the list of members
Ex(2): she has been unable to expunge the details of the accident from her memory
- expressing an idea or opinion clearly and in a persuasive manner
Incisive(adj):
Ex: the guide’s incisive comments give us a new perspective on the painting
- medically clean or without infection
Aseptic(adj):
/eiseptik/
Ex: an aseptic wound/dressing/bandage
- (of a living being) unable to produce young, (of land) unable to produce plants or crops
- having no imagination, new ideas or energy
- free from bacteria
Sterile(adj):
Ex: the operation must be carried out under sterile conditions
- different from what is typical or usual, esp. in an unacceptable way
Aberrant(adj):
Ex: aberrant behavior/sexuality
- famous, well respected
Illustrious (adj):
Ex: she comes from an illustrious political family
- right for sb or sth
Suited(adj):
Ex: with her excellent academic credentials, she would seem suited to/for the job
- noisy, energetic, and rough
Boisterous (adj):
Ex: boisterous children/game/laughter
Denotation(n):
- nghĩa đen
- showing strong and sincere feelings or beliefs
-fervent (afj):
(=fervid) formal
Ex: she was a fervent supporter of art and culture
-very strong, powerful, and effective
Puissant(adj):
Old use /pwi:sat/
Ex: he would become a puissant man
Peasant(n):
/pezownt/
-tá điền
- to include sth or sb as part of a larger group
Subsume(v):
Formal
Ex: all the statics have been subsumed under the general heading “Facts and Figures”
- to try to destroy or damage sth, esp. an established political system
Subvert(v):
Ex: the rebel army is attempting to subvert the govt
- relating directly to the subject being considered
Pertinent(adj):
Formal
Ex: A pertinent question
- to preclude
- giấy bạc để store food
Foil(v,n):
(=thwart)
Ex: the prisoner’s attempt to escape was foiled at the last minute when police received a tip-off
- a secret warning or piece of secret in4
Tip-off(n):
Informal
Ex: acting in a tip-off, the police arrested the drug dealers
- flexible
Versatile(adj):
Ed: he’s a very versatile young actor
- likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly, esp. by getting worse
Volatile(adj):
Ex: food and fuel prices are very volatile in a war situation
-(of sth unpleasant or perilous) gradually and covertly causing harm
Insidious(adj):
Ex: cancer is an insidious disease
- attractively energetic and enthusiastic
Vivacious(adj):
Ex: he brought along his wife, a vivacious blonde, some 20 years his junior
- to say in a formal or official way that sth is true
- to officially say that sb is mentally ill
Certify(v):
Formal
Ex(2): as a young man, he had been certified and sent to a hospital for the mentally ill
- to guess sth, without having much proof
Surmise(v):
Formal /sowmaiz/
Ex: the police surmise that the robbers have fled the country
- calm and controlled
Temperate(adj):
Formal >< intemperate
- quick in noticing, understanding, or judging things accurately
Perspicacious(adj):
Formal
Ex: his perscpicacious grandpa had bought the land as an investment, guessing that there might be gold underground
- one of series of increases
Increment(n):
Formal
Ex: you will receive annual salary/pay increments every September
- an increase or revival after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurence
Resurgence(n):
Formal
Ex: a resurgence of interest in religion
- planned or done in secret
Clandestine(adj):
Formal /claendestin/
Ex: he has been having a clandestine affair with his secretary for three years
- ridiculously small or inadequate
Derisory(adj):
Formal /dowraisowri/
Ex: we were awarded a derisory sum
- to put right a wrong or make amends for a wrong that has been done
Redress(v):
Formal
Ex: most managers, politcians and bosses are men - how can women redress the balance(= make the situation fairer and more equal)
- a group of different types of sth
Assortment(n):
Ex: an assortment of vegetables
- unwilling to concede defeat or stop doing or having sth
Tenacious (adj):
Ex: Barbara is a tenacious opponent, she never gives in
- willing to accept or be influenced by a suggestion
Amenable(adj):
/owminowbowl/
Ex: do you think the manager will prove more amenable to our proposals?
- very determined and refusing to be defeated by problems
Pertinacious(adj):
Formal
Ex: like most successful politicians, she is pertinacious and single-minded in the pursuit of her goals
- to say that sb or sth is not good or important
Denigrate(v):
Ex: you shouldn’t denigrate people just because they have different beliefs from you
- behaving in a silly way and not taking anything seriously
Frivolous(adj):
/frivowlows/
Ex: i think he sees her as a frivolous young woman
- a list of people who are considered for a particular job or question
Slate(n):
Ex: his novel was chosen from a slate of ten finalists
Slate of candidates
- able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality
Articulate (adj):
>
- Changing often and easily
Labile(adj):
Formal /leibail/
Ex: labile proteins
Emotionally labile characters
- A job especially one that needs special skill that involves working with your hands
Trade(n):
(=craft)
Ex: he’s a carpenter by trade
By trade = làm nghề đó để kiếm sống
- The degree of quality or excellence of something or someone
Caliber(n):
(=calibre)
Ex: it’s not easy to recruit high caliber personnel
 if teaching paid more it might attract people of (a) higher caliber
The competition entries were of such (a) high caliber that judging them was very difficult
Entry(n): A person or thing that is part of a competition
- Serious, sad and without humor or entertainment
Somber(adj):
Ex: The funeral was a somber occasion
- To take something without having the right to do
Arrogate(v):
Formal
Ex: They arrogate to themselves the power to punish people
- The beginning of an organization or official activity
Inception(n):
( có thể hiểu là thành lập)
Ex: since its inception in 1968, the company has been at the forefront of computer development
- A model of something
Paradigm(n):
Formal /perowdaim/
Ex: his ruthless accumulation of wealth stands as a paradigm of greed in the business world
- khe nứt
Fissure(n):
- Producing bubbles of gas
- Vivacious
effervescent(adj):
/efowvescownt/
Ex: effervescent vitamin C supplements
She’s one of those effervescent personalities that you often see hosting TV game shows
- A famous person
Personality(n):
Ex: The show is hosted by a popular TV personality
- Able to produce a lot of crops, fruits, babies, young animals, etc.
- producing or creating a lot of new things, ideas etc.
Fecund(adj):
Formal /fekownd/
Ex: fecund soil
A fecund imagination
>< sterile
- not in the intended way or out of position
Awry(adj):
/owrai/
Ex: she rushed in, her face red and sweaty and her har awry
- to solemnly renounce a belief, cause or claim
Abjure(v):
Formal
Ex: he abjured his religion
- Extreme and without hope
- Showing no pride or respect for yourself
Abject(adj):
Ex: they live in abject poverty
An abject apology
He is almost abject in his respect for his boss
- awkward because of being large, heavy or not effective (=unwieldy)
- Difficult to do or manage and taking a lot of time and effort
Cumbersome(adj):
Ex: Cumbersome equipment
Critics say that the process for amending the constitution is cumbersome, but others defend it
- Friendly, but formal and polite
Cordial(adj):
Formal /ko:d3owl)/
Ex: A cordial smile/greeting/welcome/reception
- able to bend and move easily
 Limber(adj):
= Elastic
-Showing no intelligence or imagination
Vapid(adj):
Formal
Ex: A vapid reality TV show
He’s attractive, but vapid
- Patient and forgiving
Forbearing(adj):
Formal
Ex: The minister praised what he called her “kind and forbearing nature”
—> forbearance(n)
- sudden excitement or anger
Furor(n):
= furore
/ˈfjʊə.rɔːr/
- The return of objects that were stolen or lost
- payments made for damage or loss
Restitution(n):
Formal
Ex: they are demanding the restitution of ancient treasures that were removed from the country in the 16th century
The chemical company promised to make full restitution to the victims for the injury to their health
- Severe criticism and blame
Opprobrium(n):
Formal
Ex: International opprobrium has been heaped on the country following its attack on its neighbors
- To give someone a lot of praise, criticism etc.
Heap sth on sb:
Ex: he deals well with all the criticism heaped on him
- To give someone detailed instructions or information
Brief(v):
=apprise (formal)
Ex: We had already been briefed about/on what the job would entail
- A description of an event given at the same time as it happens
Running commentary(n):
Ex: Running commentary will be needed to keep track of the scores and interpret results
- To surround and cover sth or sb completely
Engulf(v):
Ex: The flames rapidly engulfed the house
- A serious crime that can be punished by one or more years in prison
Felony(n):
Ex: Robbery is a felony
- information that is given to someone just before the person does sth; a meeting where in4 is given
Briefing(n):
Ex: he discussed the report at a White House briefing on Tuesday
They received thorough briefing before they left the country
- A meeting that takes place in order to get information about what a particular piece of work that has been finished, for example about what was done successfully and what was not
Debriefing(n):
Ex: debriefing sessions
- To say that you did not mean something you said earlier or say that you have changed your opinion
Backtrack(v):
Ex: Johnson’s office was then forced to backtrack, saying the Prime Minister had been unable to recall the briefing earlier
