Advanced ECG Flashcards by Troy Green

Q

Cardiac Conduction

A

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Q

“Non-pacer” Action Potential

(Myocytes, Electrical Conduction Cells)

A

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Q

SA Node Action Potential

A

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Q

Limb Leads (I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF)

A

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Q

Standard (Bipolar) Limb Leads (I, II, & III)

A

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Q

Standard (Bipolar) Limb Leads

Lead 1

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Q

Standard (Bipolar) Limb Leads

Lead II

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Q

Standard (Bipolar) Limb Leads

Lead III

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Q

Standard (Bipolar) Limb Leads

This picture shows the angle that these leads view the heart through

A

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Q

Augmented (Unipolar) Limb Leads (aVR, aVL, aVF)

A

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Q

Naming The Unipolar Limb Leads

The first letter “a”

A

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Q

Naming The Unipolar Limb Leads

The second letter “V”

A

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Q

Naming The Unipolar Limb Leads

The third letter “R, L, or F”

A

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Q

Direction of Lead aVR

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Q

Lead aVR

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Q

Direction of Lead aVL

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Q

Lead aVL

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Q

Lead aVF

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Q

Direction of Lead aVF

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Q

Augmented (Unipolar) Limb Leads

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Q

All Limb Leads

A

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Q

Mean Electrical Axis (MEA)

A

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Q

Normal QRS Axis (-30° To 110°)

A

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Q

Normal QRS Axis (-30° to ≈ 90-110°)

A

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Q

Left Axis Deviation

A

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Q

Right Axis Deviation

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Q

Possible Causes of Right Axis Deviation (3)

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Q

Extreme Right Axis Deviation

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Q

How The MEA Affects The R Wave

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Q

MEA’s Effect On The R Wave

Positive R Deflection

A

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Q

MEA’s Effect On The R Wave

Negative R Deflection

A

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Q

MEA’s Effect On The R Wave

Equiphasic Deflection

A

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Q

Determining The Expected QRS Deflection

Positive R Wave Deflection

A

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Q

Determining The Expected QRS Deflection

Negative R Wave Deflection

A

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Q

Determining The Expected QRS Deflection

Equiphasic R Wave Deflection

A

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Questions

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Questions

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Questions

A

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Q

Summary of at Lead II

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Q

ECG Identification of a Normal QRS Axis

A

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Q

Normal Axis 12 Lead ECG

A

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Q

ECG Identification of a Left Axis Deviation (-30⁰ to -90⁰)

A

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Q

ECG Identification of a
Right Axis Deviation (90-110⁰ to 180⁰)

A

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Q

Precordial Leads (V1-V6)

A

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Q

Precordial Lead Placement

A

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Q

How to Analyze an ECG

Rate and Rhythm

A

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Q

How to Analyze an ECG

Look at the P Waves

A

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Q

How to Analyze an ECG

Look at the QRS Complexes

A

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Q

How to Analyze an ECG

Look at all Intervals

A

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Q

How to Analyze an ECG

Look for Signs of Ischemia

A

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Q

Normal Sinus Rhythm

A

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Q

Sinus Bradycardia

A

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Q

Sinus Tachycardia

A

Q

Irregular Sinus Rhythm

(Sinus Arrhythmia)

A

Q

Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)

A

Q

Supraventricular Ectopy (11)

A

Q

Sinus Rhythms (5)

A

Q

Premature Atrial Contraction

A

Q

Ectopic Atrial Beats

A

Q

Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia

A

Q

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

A

Q

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)

AKA: Chaotic Atrial Tachycardia (CAT)

A

Q

Treatment for Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)

A

Q

Atrial Flutter

A

Q

Type I vs. Type II Atrial Flutter

A

Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

Q

Controlled vs. Uncontrolled Afib

A

Q

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

A

Q

Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)

A

Q

Junctional Rhythm

A

Q

Junctional Rhythm Classification

A

Q

Junctional Escape Beat

A

Q

Ventricular Ectopy

A

Q

Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC’s)

A

Q

Types of PVCs

A

Q

Bigeminal PVCs

A

Q

Unifocal PVCs

A

Q

Multifocal PVCs

A

Q

Couplet PVCs

A

Q

Salvo PVCs

A

Q

Ventricular Escape Beat

(Escape Ventricular Contraction)

A

Q

Ventricular Escape Rhythm (Idioventricular Rhythm)

A

Q

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm

A

Q

Ventricular Tachycardia (Vtach)

A

Q

Torsades de Pointes

A

Q

Ventricular Fibrillation (Vfib)

A

Q

1st Degree AV block

A

Q

Mobitz (2nd Degree AV) Type I Block

(Wenckebach)

A

Q

2nd Degree AV Block Mobitz Type II

A

Q

A

Q

3rd Degree AV Block (Complete Heart Block)

A

Q

Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB)

A

Q

ECG Description For RBBB

A

Q

Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB)

A

Q

ECG Description For LBBB

A

Q

Clinical Implications Of Bundle Branch Blocks

A

Q

Right Atrial Enlargement

A

Q

ECG Criteria for Right Atrial Enlargement (RAE)

A

Q

Clinical Implications Of Right Atrial Enlargement (RAE)

A

Q

Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE)

A

Q

ECG Criteria for Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE)

A

Q

Clinical Implications Of Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE)

A

Q

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)

A

ECG Criteria for Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)

Q

RVH and RAE

A

Q

RVH, Borderline RAE

A

Q

ECG Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)

A

Q

LVH with Repolarization Abnormalities

A

Q

LVH

A

Q

Bundle Branch Blocks vs. Ventricular Hypertrophies

A

Q

R Wave Progression

A

Q

Poor (Abnormal) R Wave Progression

A

Q

Electrical Alternans

A

Q

Signs of Coronary Ischemia (4)

A

Q

T wave Inversion

A

Q

Electrical Alternans

A

Q

ST Depression

A

Q

ST Elevation

A

Q

Pathologic Q waves

A

Q

Treatment of Ischemia/Infarction (3)

A

Q

Coronary Blood Supply

A

Q

“Walls” of Ventricles

A

Q

Right and Left Coronary Arteries

A

Q

Contiguous ECG Leads

A

Q

Limb Leads

A

Q

Precordial Leads

A

Q

Contiguous Leads

A

Q

Anterior Myocardial Infarction

A

Q

Anterior Wall MI

A

Q

Inferior MI

A

Q

Inferior Wall MI

A

Q

Lateral Myocardial Infarction

A

Q

Lateral Wall MI

A

Q

Posterior MI

A

Q

Septal MI

A

Q

ECG “Artifact”

A

Q

ECG “Artifact” Related to ST Segments

A

Q

Basic ECG Rhythms Practice

A

https://ahainstructornetwork.americanheart.org/AHAECC/ecc.jsp?pid=ahaecc.studentlanding

(You must enter “acls15” for the code to take the ACLS quiz)

Q

PALS ECG Rhythms Practice

A

http://www.practicalclinicalskills.com/ekg-practice-drill.aspx

(You must enter “palsprovider” for the code to take the PALS quiz)

Q

More advanced ECG rhythms practice:

A

http://ecg.utah.edu/outline

http://ecg.utah.edu/img_index

http://ecg.utah.edu/tests