Adult Health and Hygiene/Bed Making Flashcards
Psychosocial development of the young adult (20 - 40 years)
Freud - genital stage - directed towards attaining a mature sexual relationship
Erikson - intimacy vs isolation
Havinghurst - focuses on developmental tasks:
- selecting a mate
- learning to live with a partner
- starting a family
- rearing children
- managing a home
- getting started in an occupation
- taking on civic responsibility
- finding a congenial social group
cognitive - piaget
- formal operational final stage - abstract though, use of logic, forms hypotheses
moral development - kohlberg
- post conventional stage
- forms personal morals and ethics
- individualised behaviour rather than peer pressure
spiritual development
- questions parent’s beliefs
Health promotion strategies for young adults
- routine physical screening
- immunisation boosters
- smoking cessation advice
- motor safety
- sun protection
- workplace safety
- importance of healthy diet and exercise
- encourage social engagement and personal relationships
Physical changes in middle age (40-65 years)
- thinning and greying hair
- skin has less moisture and turgor, decreased subcutaneous fat, wrinkles
- skeletal muscle bulk decreases
- thinning of intervertebral disks
- calcium loss (more so in post menopausal women)
- blood vessels lose elasticity and become thicker
- decreased acuity of vision (esp near vision), hearing (esp higher frequency) and taste
- metabolism slows, often resulting in weight gain
- large intestinal tone decreases, can lead to constipation
- nephron units are lost, glomerular filtration rate decrease
- sex hormone changes
Pyschosocial development of the middle-aged adult
Erikson - generativity vs stagnation
Havinghurst’s developmental tasks:
- adult civil and social responsibility
- career statisfaction
- raising teenage children into happy adulthood
- adjusting to ageing parents
- adjusting to the physiological changes of age
Cognitive and moral - little change from young adulthood
Health promotion strategies for middle aged adults
- regular physical examinations
- immunisation boosters
- screenings for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes
- smoking cessation
- vehicle safety
- importance of healthy diet and exercise
- home safety - uncluttered, non-slip mats in bathrooms
- retirement planning
Different postures:
- Prone
- supine
- fowler’s
- trendelenberg
Prone - face down
Supine - face up
Fowlers - sitting upright
Trendelenberg - lying with head lower than feet
What does bathing do besides cleaning the skin?
- increases circulation
- enhances muscle tone
- promotes relaxation and wellbeing
