adrenergic system

Question 1

what’s the substrate for synthesizing Nora?

Answer 1

tyrosine

Question 2

where is tyrosine obtained?

Answer 2

dietary protein

Question 3

whats the rate limiting step of synthesizing Nora?

Answer 3

tyrosine being hydroxylated to dihydroxyphenylaline ( DOPA) by tyorsine hydroxylase

Question 4

what converts DOPA into dopamine?

Answer 4

dopa decarboxylase

Question 5

whats the role of gunaethidine?

Answer 5

blocks release of NA

Question 6

what is the main presynaptic receptor that NA binds to?

Answer 6

alpha 2

Question 7

which enzyme metabolizes NA in the synaptic space?

Answer 7

COMT

Question 8

which enzyme metabolizes NA in the neuron?

Answer 8

MAO

Question 9

what inhibits reuptake of NA ?

Answer 9

cocaine

Question 10

alpha receptors affinity ranking ( highest to lowest)

Answer 10

epinephrine
Norepinephrine
isoproterenol

Question 11

alpha receptor subtypes

Answer 11

1 and 2

Question 12

all the adrenergic receptors are what?

Answer 12

G protein coupled receptors

Question 13

beta receptors subtypes

Answer 13

1 2 and 3

Question 14

whats the predominant receptor in smooth muscles?

Answer 14

alpha (1 and 2)

Question 15

whats the predominant receptor in the heart?

Answer 15

beta 1

Question 16

what receptors stimulate cAMP?

Answer 16

alpha 1 and all beta

Question 17

what receptors inhibit cAMP?

Answer 17

alpha 2

Question 18

what happens if alpha 1 adrenoreceptors are activated?

Answer 18

vasoconstriction
relaxation of GI SM
hepatic glycogenolysis

Question 19

what happens if alpha 2 adrenoreceptors are activated?

Answer 19

inhibit Nora release

inhibit insulin release

Question 20

what happens if beta 1 adrenoreceptors are activated?

Answer 20

increase cardiac rate and force

release if renin from kidneys

Question 21

what happens if beta 2 adrenoreceptors are activated?

Answer 21

bronchodilator
vasodilation
relaxation of uterus

Question 22

what happens if beta 3 adrenoreceptors are activated?

Answer 22

lipolysis

Question 23

what are the two main groups of adrenergic agonists?

Answer 23

catecholamines and non catecholamines

Question 24

whats a catecholamine made up of ?

Answer 24

catechol G anf amine G

Question 25

whats a catechol G ?

Answer 25

benzene ring that has hydroxyl Gs on 2 adjacent carbons

Question 26

what is the amine component of catecholamines?

Answer 26

ethylamine

Question 27

what differentiates catechol amines from noncatecholamines?

Answer 27

lack of catechol group | can't be metabolized by COMT

Question 28

what are sympathomimetic drugs?

Answer 28

produce same effect as stimulating SNS

Question 29

b1 receptors act on

Answer 29

heart and kidney | increase rate force automaticity

Question 30

b2 receptors act on

Answer 30

smooth muscle ( relaxation)

Question 31

b3 receptors

Answer 31

adipose tissue ( increase lipolysis)

Question 32

if patient is taking MAO inhibitors then a tyramine containing diet can cause what?

Answer 32

vasopressor effects ( hypertensive crisis)

Question 33

adrenergic blockers are highly effective in

Answer 33

treatment of cardiac disease

Question 34

physiological effects of adrenergic blockers

Answer 34

lower bp and heart rate | dilate bvs

Question 35

adrenergic blockers aka

Answer 35

sympatholytic agents

Question 36

selective alpa 1 adrenergic blockers inhibit

Answer 36

catecholamines ability to constrict bvs

Question 37

beta 1 blockers are

Answer 37

cardioselective

Question 38

alpha blockers bind to receptors on

Answer 38

vascular smooth muscle

Question 39

drugs that inhibit alpha 1

Answer 39

reduce blood pressure

Question 40

alpha one is recommended as _______ not mono therapy ( alone) of hypertension

Answer 40

adjunctive

Question 41

alpha adrenergic blockers side effects

Answer 41

orthostatic hypotension nasal congestion reflex tachycardia

Question 42

beta blockers cause

Answer 42

decrease hr and contractility of heart

Question 43

alpha adrenergic blockers side effects

Answer 43

orthostatic hypotension nasal congestion reflex tachycardia

Question 44

beta blockers cause

Answer 44

decrease hr and contractility of heart