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pharma > adrenergic system > Flashcards

adrenergic system Flashcards

1
Q

what’s the substrate for synthesizing Nora?

A

tyrosine

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2
Q

where is tyrosine obtained?

A

dietary protein

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3
Q

whats the rate limiting step of synthesizing Nora?

A

tyrosine being hydroxylated to dihydroxyphenylaline ( DOPA) by tyorsine hydroxylase

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4
Q

what converts DOPA into dopamine?

A

dopa decarboxylase

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5
Q

whats the role of gunaethidine?

A

blocks release of NA

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6
Q

what is the main presynaptic receptor that NA binds to?

A

alpha 2

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7
Q

which enzyme metabolizes NA in the synaptic space?

A

COMT

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8
Q

which enzyme metabolizes NA in the neuron?

A

MAO

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9
Q

what inhibits reuptake of NA ?

A

cocaine

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10
Q

alpha receptors affinity ranking ( highest to lowest)

A

epinephrine
Norepinephrine
isoproterenol

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11
Q

alpha receptor subtypes

A

1 and 2

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12
Q

all the adrenergic receptors are what?

A

G protein coupled receptors

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13
Q

beta receptors subtypes

A

1 2 and 3

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14
Q

whats the predominant receptor in smooth muscles?

A

alpha (1 and 2)

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15
Q

whats the predominant receptor in the heart?

A

beta 1

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16
Q

what receptors stimulate cAMP?

A

alpha 1 and all beta

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17
Q

what receptors inhibit cAMP?

A

alpha 2

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18
Q

what happens if alpha 1 adrenoreceptors are activated?

A

vasoconstriction
relaxation of GI SM
hepatic glycogenolysis

19
Q

what happens if alpha 2 adrenoreceptors are activated?

A

inhibit Nora release

inhibit insulin release

20
Q

what happens if beta 1 adrenoreceptors are activated?

A

increase cardiac rate and force

release if renin from kidneys

21
Q

what happens if beta 2 adrenoreceptors are activated?

A

bronchodilator
vasodilation
relaxation of uterus

22
Q

what happens if beta 3 adrenoreceptors are activated?

A

lipolysis

23
Q

what are the two main groups of adrenergic agonists?

A

catecholamines and non catecholamines

24
Q

whats a catecholamine made up of ?

A

catechol G anf amine G

25
Q

whats a catechol G ?

A

benzene ring that has hydroxyl Gs on 2 adjacent carbons

26
Q

what is the amine component of catecholamines?

A

ethylamine

27
Q

what differentiates catechol amines from noncatecholamines?

A

lack of catechol group

can’t be metabolized by COMT

28
Q

what are sympathomimetic drugs?

A

produce same effect as stimulating SNS

29
Q

b1 receptors act on

A

heart and kidney

increase rate force automaticity

30
Q

b2 receptors act on

A

smooth muscle ( relaxation)

31
Q

b3 receptors

A

adipose tissue ( increase lipolysis)

32
Q

if patient is taking MAO inhibitors then a tyramine containing diet can cause what?

A

vasopressor effects ( hypertensive crisis)

33
Q

adrenergic blockers are highly effective in

A

treatment of cardiac disease

34
Q

physiological effects of adrenergic blockers

A

lower bp and heart rate

dilate bvs

35
Q

adrenergic blockers aka

A

sympatholytic agents

36
Q

selective alpa 1 adrenergic blockers inhibit

A

catecholamines ability to constrict bvs

37
Q

beta 1 blockers are

A

cardioselective

38
Q

alpha blockers bind to receptors on

A

vascular smooth muscle

39
Q

drugs that inhibit alpha 1

A

reduce blood pressure

40
Q

alpha one is recommended as _______ not mono therapy ( alone) of hypertension

A

adjunctive

41
Q

alpha adrenergic blockers side effects

A

orthostatic hypotension

nasal congestion

reflex tachycardia

42
Q

beta blockers cause

A

decrease hr and contractility of heart

43
Q

alpha adrenergic blockers side effects

A

orthostatic hypotension

nasal congestion

reflex tachycardia

44
Q

beta blockers cause

A

decrease hr and contractility of heart

pharma (7 decks)

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