Adrenergic Bronchodilators Quiz 2

Question 1

How are catecholamines inactivated?

Answer 1

By heat, light or air (known as beta blockade)

Question 2

What are side effects of catecholamines?

Answer 2

Tachycardia, hypertension, nausea, headache, dizziness, skeletal muscle tremor

Question 3

What are naturally occurring catecholamines?

Answer 3

Epinephrine, dopamine, norepinephrine

Question 4

What are man made catecholamines?

Answer 4

Isoproterenol and isoetharine

Question 5

What are isomers?

Answer 5

Mirror images

Question 6

What are ultra short acting agents?

Answer 6

They lack B2 specificity, have lots of cardiac effects, very short acting and short duration and are metabolized by COMT

Question 7

What is epinephrine?

Answer 7

A potent catecholamine bronchodilator that stimulates both alpha and beta receptors. It is available as a synthetic racemic mixture and is used to treat people with status asthmaticus or who have cardiac issyes

Question 8

When is epinephrine-adrenaline primatene mist used?

Answer 8

It is used for emergency situations both alpha and beta, and can be administered by inhalation or injection

Question 9

What is the isomer of epinephrine?

Answer 9

Racemic epinephrine

Question 10

What is racemic epinephrine-vapoenfrin micronefrin, asthmanefrin?

Answer 10

A strong alpha adrenergic vasoconstricter used to decrease airway swelling

Question 11

What is isoetharine-bronkosol bronkometer?

Answer 11

One of the first B2 specific adrenergic bronchodilators that has a short duration but a rapid onset. It has minimal B1 stimulation and may turn pink

Question 12

What are CATS?

Answer 12

They are short ultra short acting agents that are rapidly inactivated by COMT and unsuitable for oral administration (epinephrine, racemic epinephrine, isoetharine)

Question 13

CATS are inactivated by

Answer 13

The gut and liver, but also by heat, air and sunlight

Question 14

What is another name for short acting agents?

Answer 14

SHORTS or rescue drugs

Question 15

What are some examples of SHORTS?

Answer 15

Metaproterenol, albuterol, pirbuterol, levalbuterol

Question 16

What does the keyhole theory of B2 specificity state?

Answer 16

The larger the catecholamine side chain, the more B2 specific

Question 17

What are some short acting-resorcinol agents?

Answer 17

Metaproterenol (nebulizer) and terbutaline (used for premature labor in oral or injectable form)

Question 18

What are the benefits of short acting-saligenin agents?

Answer 18

B2 preference, effective by mouth, peak in 30-60 mins, duration up to 6 hours

Question 19

What is the stereoisomer of short-acting albuterol?

Answer 19

Racemic mixture

Question 20

What is short acting-pirbuterol?

Answer 20

A noncatecholamine adrenergic agent that is available as a breath-actuated MDI. Onset 5-8 mins, peak 30 mins and duration 5 hours. Less potent, by weight, than albuterol

Question 21

Short acting _______ is the single (R) isomer form of racemic albuterol and contains no (S) isomer

Answer 21

Levalbuterol

Question 22

______ contains both (R) and (S)

Answer 22

Albuterol

Question 23

What long acting B adrenergic agent is approved for COPD?

Answer 23

Arformoterol

Question 24

Assessment of drug

Answer 24

Monitor flow rates (should have a 20% increase), assess ABGs, note effect on blood glucose and potassium, and watch reaction to freon or sulfites

Question 25

Maintenance therapy of _____ is not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 25

Asthma

Question 26

What needs a daily bronchodilator?

Answer 26

COPD

Question 27

A1 receptor stimulation and an agonist?

Answer 27

Vasoconstriction effect; epinephrine

Question 28

B1 receptor stimulation

Answer 28

Increased HR and contractile force

Question 29

B2 receptor stimulation

Answer 29

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle