Adrenergic Bronchodilators Quiz 1 Flashcards
What is bronchoconstriction?
reduction of the lumen of the airway
What are the causes of bronchoconstriction?
bronchospasm, mucosal edema, airway secretions
What aids in bronchospasm relief?
sympathomimetic agents, parasympatholytic agents, methylxanthines
What aids in mucosal edema relief?
alpha adrenergic agents and corticosteroids
Bronchospasm always results in _______ but not all bronchoconstriction is caused by ________
bronchoconstriction; bronchospasm
What is the general indication of adrenergic bronchodilators?
relaxation of airway smooth muscle in the presence of reversible airflow obstruction
What are some examples of reversible airflow obstruction diseases?
asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis and other obstructive diseases
What are the steps of the beta receptor theory?
- stimulation of B2 receptor
- activation of Gs protein
- release of adenylyl cyclase
- synthesis of 3’5’ amp
- direct bronchodilation and inhibition of mast cell degranulation
How long do ultra short acting agents last?
less than 3 hours
What are some examples of ultra short acting agents?
epinephrine, racemic epinephrine and isoetharine
When are ultra short acting agents used?
in emergency situations
How long do short acting agents last?
4-6 hours
What are some examples of short acting agents?
albuterol, levalbuterol, metaproterenol, pirbuterol
When are short acting agents used?
acute reversible obstruction cases
How long do long acting agents last?
12 hours
