adolescents

Question 1

Adolescent definition.

Answer 1

Bridge b/t childhood and adulthood
-ages. 10-20
early. 10-13
middle 14-17
late 18-20

Question 2

Females grow an average of how many in after menarche?

Answer 2

2-3inches

Question 3

Interview process with adolescents

Answer 3

-Establish trust
-diagrams and visual
-structure part of the interview alone
-be alert for cues that the adolescent doesn’t want to discuss certain. issues in front of parents
-HIPAAm adolescents right to privacy from parents regarding contraceptions and sexual activity
-encouraged to express feelings and concerns
-fully dressed

Question 4

-HEADSS assessment for the adolescent

Answer 4

-Home, (living situation, who, where, how many rooms)
-Education and employment, (school. performance, empty,memt Hx)
-Activities, (church, hobbies, TV)
-Drugs, (personal use, family Hx)
-Sexuality, (orientation, pregnancy/. abortion, STIs)
-Suicide/ Depression, (any sleep disorder, appetite changes, Hx of suicide)

Question 5

CRAFT screening tool for adolescents

Answer 5

Screen for alcohol, drugs use

-CAR
-RELAX
-ALONE
-FORGET
-FRIENDS
-TROUBLE

-have you ever. ridden in a car drive. ny someone or yourself using drugs/alcochol
-Do you. use drugs to relax
-do you do drugs alone
-do you. ever forget things when using drugs
-do family or friends. ever tell you to cut down on drugs
-have you gotten into trouble while using drugs and alcohol

Question 6

Vaccinations for adolescent

Answer 6

Meningococcal Vaccine (series of two shots)

Tdap

HPB (boys and girls)

Question 7

Dental assessment for adolescents

Answer 7

-cleanings every 6 months.
-encourage flossing
-brush after meals and before bed

Question 8

Adolescent visual acuity

Answer 8

20/20
may alter with hormone surging

Question 9

Adolescents Vital Signs

Answer 9

Vitals at each visit
Pulse: 55-85
Respiration: 12-18
BP: systolic 110-124
BP: diastolic 70-79

Question 10

Assessment of the adolescent for scoliosis

Answer 10

Females: once at age 10 and once at age 12years
Males: once b/t 13 and 14years

-use Adams bend over exam

Question 11

Laboratory test for adolescent

Answer 11

-Hematocrit: good for heavy periods
-Syphilis test: VDRL or RPR, gonorrhea (GC)/ Chlamydia (CT) from all sites (oral, anal, vaginal) and HIV if sexually active or Hx of sexual abuse
-Pap smears: begin at 21years of age
-Liver function test if Hx of drug use: street drugs and anabolic steroids
-Cholesterol if indicated: once at age 9-11 and again at age 17-21 years
(additional screening if DM, oversight/obese, family Hx of dyslipidemia and cardiac disease)

Question 12

Adolescent male may experience gynecomastia if?

Answer 12

-marijuana intake
-anabolic steroid use
-alcohol
-antidepressants

Question 13

Adolescents taught self-exam of what?

Answer 13

-testicular self exam
(perform return demonstration)
-takes 2 min

Question 14

Tanner stages for boys

Answer 14

1-preadolescents tests, scotum, penis, - BABY
2-enlargement of scrotum and testes, scrotum roughens and redness
3- PENIS ELONGATES
4-Penis enlarges in breadth and development of glans, rug appear
5-adult shape and appearance- ADULT

Question 15

Tanner stages for Girls

Answer 15

1-Preadolescent breast, -BABY
2-Breast buds with areolar enlargement
3 BREAST ENLARGEMENT WITHOUT SEPARATE NIPPLE CONTOUR
4-Areola and nipple project as secondary mound
5-Adult breast, areola recedes, nipple retracts -ADULT

Question 16

Tanner stages, pubic hair

Answer 16

1. preadolescent -BABY
2. SParse, pale, fine
3. DARKER, INCREASED AMOUNT, CURLIER
4. Adult in character but not as voluminous
5. Adult pattern -ADULT

Question 17

Female monarch and which tanner stage?

Answer 17

Menarche 2-3 years after start of breast stage 2

Question 18

Males begin nocturnal emissions and spermacch at which tanner stage?

Answer 18

Genital stage 4

Question 19

onset of puberty before age 8 in female and before age 9 in males ?

Answer 19

Precocious Puberty

Question 20

Cognitive theorist for adolescents

Answer 20

Erik Erikson
Identity vs Role confusion
ages 12-18y

Jean Piaget
Formal Operational (abstract thinking)
ages 12 and up

Question 21

How to discipline an adolescent

Answer 21

Negotiation is essential
adults must be role models

Question 22

Nutrition of the adolescent

Answer 22

-higher requirements than adults
-minimize junk food
-encourage regular meals
-monitor vegetarian diets
-discuss diets

Question 23

Prevention health issues for the adolescents

Answer 23

-mental health (depression and suicide)
-Gang activity

Question 24

Adolescents eating disorders

Answer 24

chronic disturbances in eating patterns accompanied by distorted body image
-anorexia nervosa
fear of wt gain, distorted body image, distorted ideas about food, FOOD RESTRICTION leading to wt loss.

-Bulimia Nervosa
episodic binge and purge

Question 25

Major S/S of adolescent eating disorders

Answer 25

Russell’s sign: bruised knuckles (bulimia Nervosa)

Question 26

r/o organic issues for eating disorders which are?

Answer 26

-organic disease producing wt loss
-pregnancy
-depression
-substance abuse