Adolescent Development Flashcards
What are the stages of adolescence?
Early = 10-14 Middle = 15-16 Late = 17+
What are the developmental tasks of adolescence?
Achieving independence from adults
Development of realistic, stable, positive self-identity
Formation of sexual identity
Negotiating peer and intimate relationships
Development of realistic body image
Formation of own moral/value system
Acquisition of skills for future economic independence
What physical development takes place in adolescence?
Puberty
- Rapid physical growth
- Reproductive capabilities
- Secondary sexual characteristics
How do peer relationships change in adolescence?
Peer interaction takes up more time
Basis for friendships changes
Friendships with same and opposite sex
First romantic/sexual relationship for many
Increased reliance on friends for support
Close and supportive friendships add to positive psychological adjustment
How do family relationships change in adolescence?
Renegotiation > strive for increased autonomy
Parent-child conflict increases
What cognitive development takes place in adolescence?
Thinking about
- Possibilities
- Hypotheses
- Ahead
- Thought
- Beyond conventional limits
How does the concept of self change in adolescence?
Include psychological terms in self-description
Describe attributes in variety of domains
Recognise different selves across contexts
How does self-esteem change in adolescence?
Increased understanding of self > self-criticism
Peer acceptance important to self-esteem
What is low self-esteem in adolescence associated with?
Depression
Suicide
Eating disorders
Antisocial behaviour
What are common mental health issues seen in adolescents?
Eating disorders
Substance abuse
Depression
Suicide
Who partake in more risky health-related behaviours during adolescence: males or females?
Males
What is the leading cause of death in young adults?
Injury
- Transport accidents
- Suicide
Differs from general population
How does adherence to treatment and management change in adolescence?
Adherence difficulties increase
What could poor adherence represent?
Intentional efforts to avoid medication side effects
Memory/comprehension/planning/problem-solving difficulties
Self-harm attempt
Establishing autonomy
Regaining control
What is poorer adherence in adolescence associated with?
Less disease-related knowledge Poorer problem-solving skills Regimes impacting on - Appearance - Social interactions - Need major lifestyle changes Poorer psychological functioning
