Adolescent Development Flashcards
Personal fable
- The idea that one is completely unique
- Struggles to find commonalities between their experiences
Imaginary audience
- The idea that everyone is watching them and caring about what they do
Erik Erikson
- Every stage of life has a crisis that has to be solved
- Correct resolution of the crisis would lead to the ability to move on to the next stage and ultimately be happy
- During this stage, adolescents engage in an intense exploration of personal values, beliefs, and goals
- If they develop an identity: they will emerge with a sense of both body confidence and the ability to accept and commit to other people, even when there are ideological differences
- If they end up in role confusion: they will not have a sense in where they belong in society, and ultimately will struggle to form deep and meaningful relationships with others
James Marcia
- Argues that there are two axis: questioning and commitment
- 4 possible outcomes for the search
Identity achievement
- High questioning / high commitment
- Have thought about identity and feels confident in it
Identity foreclosure
- High commitment / low questioning
- Adolescent accepts the identity provided by others (usually parents, sometimes peers)
Identity moratorium
- High questioning / low commitment
- Leaves the “socially acceptable” period of adolescence without an answer to the question “who am i?” but is still actively searching
Identity diffusion
- Low questioning / low commitment
- Doesn’t seem to realize that they need to become an adult
- Lives in a state of perpetual adolescence
- Often turns to drugs or alcohol
Middle Age - Erik Erikson
-
Generatively v. stagnation
- Crisis - figuring out how to “make your mark” on the world
- Generatively = creating and accomplishing things that make the world a better place
- being invested in family
- contributing to the future somehow
- Stagnation = being stuck in a rut
- being focused on own needs
- failing to get involved with others
-
Childrearing v. empty nest: advantages and disadvantages
- Having kids makes marriage less happy
- How to stay generative when kids move out, but also much happier-
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
- Death-denying culture - don’t like to acknowledge or talk about death, avoid aging
- *Death-affirming culture** - recognize death as a natural part of life, and have awareness of our morality - something to be embraces
- Argues: the more control we have when it comes to own our end-of-life decisions, the more comfortable and calm we tend to be
- Individuals who are able to clearly communicate their wishes and have faith that these wishes will be carried out by loved ones tend to approach death with much less anxiety and grief
- The process of dying is the same as grieving for the loss of someone else
EKR’s stages of grief model in order
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
Denial
You are numb and may feel like nothing makes sense or has meaning. You are not in touch with reality and attempt to suppress feelings you may have and pretend that they do not exist.
Bargaining
-This stage involves convincing yourself that you can avoid grief through negotiation. You have a false sense of hope that the situation can be changed. You are willing to make a major change in your life to fix things.
Anger
You become angry and blame others for your grief. You think that it is not fair that this happened to you. This anger will help you come back to reality more and ground you.-
Depression
-You may feel empty, sad, numb, or hopeless. Everything is overwhelming and there are many things you might not feel like doing, such as talking or getting out of bed. You may question what the point of living is.
