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developmental final > adolescence + scoliosis > Flashcards

adolescence + scoliosis Flashcards

1
Q

adolescence age range

A

11-18 yrs

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2
Q

what age range is pre-adolescence for females and males

A

fem: 8-10
male: 9-11

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3
Q

when does menses happen in females and males

A

fem: menarche at 12-13
males: production of sperm

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4
Q

4 major changes in puberty

A
  1. development of primary sex characteristics
  2. development of secondary sex characteristics
  3. rapid physical growth (height/weight)
  4. changes in body proportions
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5
Q

pubertal maturation

A

establishment of cyclic ovarian function

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6
Q

list the 2 phases of most rapid growth in order

A
  1. prenatal period
  2. puberty
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7
Q

growth spurt in males vs females

A

males: 14-15
females: 12-14

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8
Q

what age are females done growing

A

17 yrs old
(16-17)

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9
Q

what age are males done growing

A

18 yrs old
(18-20)

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10
Q

puberty height growth in males vs females

A

males: 4-12 inches
females: 2-8 inches

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11
Q

puberty weight increase in males vs females

A

both are 15-65 lbs

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12
Q

healthy BMI

A

18.8-24.9

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13
Q

what body part reaches adult size first

A

nose

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14
Q

what is the mark of skeletal maturity

A

when the epiphyseal plates close

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15
Q

properties of immature bone

A

more porous
thick periosteum
unstable physes (growth plate)

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16
Q

when is adult muscle mass reached

A

12-15

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17
Q

______ increases linearly with age from childhood
through adolescence

A

strength

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18
Q

what age does strength “level off” for girls

A

15

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19
Q

at what age range does strength increase occur rapidly for boys

A

13-20

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19
Q

adolescent average normal HR and RR

A

60-90 bpm
16-24 breaths/min

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20
Q

how to calculate cardiac output

A

HR x SV = CO

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21
Q

do adolescents have a higher or lower BP at rest than adults

A

lower

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22
Q

do adolescents have a higher or lower stroke volume than adults

A

lower

23
Q

aerobic FITT for adolescence

A

F: 3-5x/week
I: 50-85% VO2 max or 40-50% in deconditioned individuals
T: 30-60 mins
T: play, games, sports, chores, PE, etc. (KEEP IT FUN)

24
Q

social antagonism

A

need for privacy
resent supervision/directions
struggle for independence
with to be free from parent restrictions

25
Q

3 main emotional issues adolescents experience

A

confusion
depression
discouragement

26
Q

ages for young, middle, and late teens

A

young 13-14
middle: 15-16
late: 17-18

27
Q

main characteristics of a “young” teen

(plus bonus points for the age range)

A

13-14 y/o

most self-centered, only their POV
peer opinions matter most

28
Q

main characteristics of a “middle” teen

(plus bonus points for the age range)

A

15-16 y/o

compromising
thinks more independently
makes own decisions
more risky behaviors
PRESENT TENSE THINKING

29
Q

main characteristic of a “late” teen and when does it end in a social aspect

(plus bonus points for the age range)

A

17-18 y/o

sense of seriousness

ends when they take on adult work roles, marry, or become parents

30
Q

what age does dating begin

A

15-16
Middle Teens

31
Q

what age range does an increase of hypothetical thinking, applying formal logic, and using abstract concepts occur at

A

11-14

32
Q

symptoms and signs of suicide

A

sadness, tiredness, withdrawn, thinking hopelessly or negatively

33
Q

what is the 3rd leading cause of death in youths and young adults

A

suicide

34
Q

how many people from the ages 15-24 commit suicide each year

A

5,000

35
Q

suicide risk is often masked by (4 things)

A

anxiety
eating disorders
substance abuse
hyperactivity

36
Q

by the end of high school, ___% have had sexual intercourse

A

48%

37
Q

what population of kids are most susceptible to sexual abuse

A

special needs children

38
Q

condom use among adolescents is at ___%

A

57%

39
Q

what is the best way for adolescents to improve neuromuscular control

A

playing multiple sports

40
Q

what causes decreased coordination in adolescence

A

rapid growth and changes in body proportions

41
Q

RED-S

A

“Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport”
incorporates many aspects of sport deficiency causes in males and females

used to be female athlete triad

42
Q

3 things in female athlete triad

A

energy deficient
low bone mass
menstrual disturbance

43
Q

pediatric ACL injuries often are accompanied with what other injury

A

growth plate fracture

44
Q

when do growth plates typically close for girls and boys

A

girls: 13-15
boys: 15-17

45
Q

ACL injuries increase the risk for ______ later in life

A

osteoarthritis

46
Q

what are the 2 types of scoliosis

A

structural
nonstructural

47
Q

what are the 2 types of structural scoliosis

A

born with it
idiopathic

48
Q

what 2 planes of motion does scoliosis affect

A

coronal/frontal
transverse

49
Q

when are scoliosis screenings typically recommended for boys and girls

A

boys: 13-14
girls: 10-12

MIDDLE SCHOOL AGE

50
Q

what bony and body landmarks are checked for scoliosis

A

ears
shoulders
hips
ribs

51
Q

what degree of scoliosis calls for a referral to a pediatrician

A

10 degrees or higher

52
Q

what is the Cobb angle

A

degree of curvature of the spine

53
Q

What is the naming convention of the curve

A

convex side + spinal level where cobb angle is at

54
Q

What is a riser sign? What does this sign tell us?

A

skeletal maturity
this shows how receptive the body will be with PT

55
Q

what degree curve is orthotic intervention typically referred for a patient with
scoliosis? (different for lumbar and thoracic)

A

lumbar: 25-40 degrees
thoracic: 25-45 degrees

56
Q

what degree of scoliosis is surgical intervention typically considered?

A

45-50 degrees

developmental final (9 decks)

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