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SFI Test 1 > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

What are the developmental stages associated with Adolescence?

A

Freud - Genital

Erikson - Identity vs. Identity diffusion

Piaget - Formal operational thought

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2
Q

What are the major developmental characteristics associated with adolescence?

A

Development of secondary sex characteristics

Identity development

Peer relations

Intimate relations

Independence

Anticipation of adult roles

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3
Q

Describe language development in adolesence

A

Vocab of over 40,000 words that includes abstract terms

Understand irony, sarcasm

Metalinguistic awareness

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4
Q

Describe cognitive development in adolescence

A

Abstract reasoning

Hypothetico-deductive reasoning

Propositional thought

Egocentrism - - imaginary audience, personal fable

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5
Q

What is the idea of a personal fable?

A

Belief that they are special and unique

Contributes to adolescent risk

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6
Q

Describe motor/physical development in adolescence

A

Fully capable by the end of this period

Can be significant differences in timein

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7
Q

What are the primary sex characteristics?

A

Physical features that involve the reproductive organs

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8
Q

What are the secondary sex characteristics?

A

Features visible on the outside of the body that serve as signs of sexual maturity but do not involve reproductive organs

E.g. facial hair, breast development

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9
Q

What is the age range for puberty in males?

A

11-16

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10
Q

What is the age range for puberty in females?

A

10-14

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11
Q

What factors affect puberty?

A

Heredity

Nutrition and exercise - fat stimulates sex hormones

Physical health

Early experiences - trauma leads to earlier menarche

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12
Q

What is identity?

A

A well organized conception of the self made up of values, beliefs, and goals to which the individual is solidly committed

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13
Q

What is identity achievement?

A

Adolescent has explored alternatives and has committed to a clear set of values and goals that they have actively chosen

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14
Q

What is the identity moratorium?

A

Adolescent is in the process of exploring but has yet to define a specific set of values

Progressing through the process

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15
Q

What is identity foreclosure?

A

Adolescent has committed to a set of beliefs and values without actively exploring

Accept an identity in it’s entirety

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16
Q

What is identity diffusion?

A

Adolescent lacks clear direction

Not committed to any goals or searching

May find the task overwhelming

17
Q

Which identity exploration processes are most healthy?

A

Identity achievement and moratorium

18
Q

How do peer relations change in adolescence?

A

Number of friends tends to decrease over time while stability increases

Greater effort in maintaining friendships

Important supports during times of stress

19
Q

How do close friendships affect adolescents?

A

Opportunites to explore self

Foundation for future intimate relationships

Support in dealing with everyday stresses

Improve attitude and involvement in school

20
Q

Describe sexual identity in adolescents

A

Isolated homosexual experiences are not uncommon

Some adolescents have already identified as gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgendered

21
Q

What are risk behaviors associated with adolescence?

A

Sex

Accidents

Substance use

Violence

22
Q

What percentage of adolescents have ever had sexual intercourse?

A

41%

23
Q

What percentage of new HIV diagnoses are accounted for by adolescents?

A

22%

24
Q

What is the leading cause of death of adolescents and young adults?

A

Motor vehicle at 73%

25
Q

What substance is most used by adolescents?

A

Alcohol at 33%

26
Q

What are some characteristics of attackers in school shootings?

A

Many felt bullied or persecuted

Most were doing well in school

98% had experienced a significant loss prior to attack

27
Q

Describe anorexia nervosa

A

Refusal to maintain body weight

Intense fear of gaining weight

Amenorrhea

Two types: Restricting, Binge-eating/Purging

28
Q

Describe Bulimia Nervosa

A

Binge episodes occur at least 2x/week for 3 months

Sense of lack of control

Recurrent inappropriate behaviors to compensate

29
Q

Who is more likely to commit suicide? Attempt?

A

Males more likely to commit

Females more likely to attempt

SFI Test 1 (14 decks)

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