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Human Development > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

Nature of adolescence

A

In matters of taste/ manners, the younger PPI of every generation hare seemed unnervingly radical and different from adults.

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2
Q

Puberty

A

Period in which adolescents reach sexual maturity achieve and the capacity for sexual reproduction (Nero endocrine process in early adolescence ) = rapid physical changes

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3
Q

Sexual maturation

A

Height / weight

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4
Q

Primary sexual maturation

A

Growth of period of menstruation

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5
Q

Secondary sexual maturation

A

Growth of public hair or development of breast/ voice (aromatic changes in both height and weight) timing is differ both boys /giris

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6
Q

Early adolescents

A

Girls tend to outweigh boys but by abt 14 boys begin to surpass girls ( 2 years earlier forgirls)

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7
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical recreated by the endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream

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8
Q

HPG axis

A

Hypothalamus → pituitary gland → gonads which release hormones and controls both of gonads (testieles) in men and overs in women

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9
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Monitor eating and sex

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10
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Controls growth and regulates other glands by releasing its own hormones

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11
Q

Gonads

A

Give rise to puberty changes in the body

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12
Q

Testosterone and estradiol

A

Hormone found in both boys / girls

Testosterone is dominate in male puberty
Estradia is dominate infemale puberty

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13
Q

Timing and variations in puberty

A

Nutrition, health, family, stress, end the enamonmentel factors affecting pubertys timing and makeup

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14
Q

Menarche

A

Girls first menstruation

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15
Q

Menstruation cycle

A

Comes late in puberty cycle, argase of menstruation has declined a lot due to improved nutrition and health ( later memories associated with higher income revels)

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16
Q

Early vs. Late menstruation

A

Perceive themselves differently and differs in bogs / girls.

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17
Q

Early maturing boys

A

Have an advantage during adolescence

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18
Q

Early maturing girls

A

R vulnerable to a #of things

  1. Smoking
  2. Drinking
  3. Depression
  4. Eating disorder
  5. Earlier sexual experiences
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19
Q

Body image

A

Adolescents r concerned with their bodies and how they look. Gener differences characterize adolescence perceptions of their body. Girls r less happy with there body’s. Bodys made bc more (+) toward end of adolescentsfor both boys gins

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20
Q

Adolescents sexuality

A

Adolescence is a time for sexual exploration and experimentation of sexual fantasies and realities and of incorporange sexuality into 1 id

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21
Q

Gay / lesbian

A

Ppl may struggle with same sex attractionin childhood, may not engage in heterosexual dating, and may gradually recognize that they r gay or lesbian in middle to late adoresents

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22
Q

Timing / sequence

A

Of sexual development milestones: there r few individual differences betweenheterosexual and sexual minority adolescents (except more stress)

23
Q

Conversion therapy

A

Illegal in Canada on Jan 7, 2022

24
Q

Contraceptive use (3)

A
  1. Unintended or unwanted pregnancy 2. STI 3. Don’t use protection
25
Q

Adolescent pregnancy

A

Health risk for both babies/ mothers. Associated with preterm birth, low birth weights, low Apgar scores ( - outcomes associated with low ses)

26
Q

2 approaches to reduce teenpregnancy

A
  1. Teaching abt pregnancy prevention
  2. Empower girls
27
Q

Nutrition / exercise

A

Early obesity on increased and has been causing long term neath implications. Excessive reduces triglyceride levels, low blood pressure, lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. Adolescents exercise is influenced by parents, peers,

28
Q

2 key metrics of sleep

A
  1. Amt of sleep 2. Timing ( circadian rhythm)
29
Q

Sleep patterns

A

Most adolescent get less sleep then they need but there schedule defers from children and adults ( electronic / media / coffee = sleep deprivation )

30
Q

What is sleep deprivation associated with

A

Depression / anxiety / obesity / difficulty concentrating / grogginess / poor performance on tests

31
Q

Substance use/ abuse

A

Alcohol and cigs r most common in youth ( party/ social with peers) or (some use coping with anxiety depression)

32
Q

Higher substance abuse…

A

In 1st nations, Inuit, and Métis community’s compared to non-indigenous youth.

33
Q

Four principles must guide police to prevent substance youth

A
  1. Equitable social / economic condition 2. Promote + Social norms, communicate risks, reduce access to arcilibility 3. Build skills / resilience of youth / family 4. Promote early intervention
34
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

ED involves relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation

35
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

ED where person follows a dinge-and- purse patten overeating followed by self - induced la actor or vomiting

36
Q

ED

A

Fear with food, fear with being overweight, depression or anxious, disarmed body image

37
Q

Piaget theory

A

Adolescent cognition > children enter the cos around 7g of age

38
Q

Formal operation stage

A

Mac abstract the CO adolescent can conjure up purely hypothetical make believe sistuctions and try to reason logical abt things

39
Q

Hypothetical deductive reasoning

A

Creating a hypothesis and deducting its implications, proving ways to test tu hypotheses. = researches challenging planets ideas on FPS

40
Q

Adolescent egocentrism

A

Heightened self-consciousness of adolescents

41
Q

Imaginary audience

A

Belief that others are as interested in the as thy are, leading to attention getting Behavior

42
Q

Personal fable

A

Sense of uniqueness and invincibility ( or invulnerability)

43
Q

Executive function

A

Umbrella like concept for a # of higher level of congre processes linked to the development of prefrontal cortex ( involves managing ones thoughts, goal Behavior and excursions self control )

44
Q

Working memory

A

Storage, upafaiting, manipulating info

45
Q

Sustained attention

A

Increases during adolescence

46
Q

Inhibition

A

Troop task

47
Q

Decision making

A

Many decisions to make during adolescence (friends, partner, sex) by age of 15/16 years of age they have Cognitive skills that are prerequisite for adults like deliberate decision making

48
Q

Brain

A

Brain volume increases: neuralpruning; level of neurotransmitters and corpus collosum. Where nerve fibres connect brans left and right hemispheres ( thickens = betto info processing)

49
Q

Effects of stressors

A

Stress is associated with poverty and migration and have long lasting impacts on mental health like anxiety and depression (sensitre to Social stress) (pandemic = higher stress + increase use of weed and alcohol)

50
Q

Middle school to Junior Hs

A

Occurs at some the of puberty, concern about body image, formal operational thoughts, changes in social cognition, increased responsibility

51
Q

Top dog phenomenon

A

Go from being oldest / biggest s powerful to be coming youngest / smallest I least pour unfurl

52
Q

High School

A

Larger, more bureaucratic and more impersonal: teaches often fail to make contrite relevant ( adolsense become more immersed in complex peer groups that demand conformity)

53
Q

Younge women vs. Young men dropout rate

A

M = feeling uninvolved in school and want to make money
W= personal or family issues / pregnanc

Dropout rate higher for indigenous students

Human Development (6 decks)

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