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Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

How are children considered adults in preindustrial societies?

A

Matured physically

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2
Q

It signals the end of childhood.

A

Puberty

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3
Q

The biological changes of puberty includes rapid growth in height and weight, changes in body proportions and form and attainment of _ maturity.

A

Sexual maturity

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4
Q

The 2 stages where the heightened production of sex-related hormones take place.

A

Adrenarche
Gonadarche

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5
Q

Adrenarche is maturing of _?

A

Adrenal glands

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6
Q

It is the maturing of the sex organs.

A

Gonadarche

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7
Q

Sometime around age 7 or 8, the adrenal glands secrete gradually increasing levels of androgens, principally _.

A

Dehydreopiandrosterone (DHEA)

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8
Q

DHEA plays a part in the growth of __, __, __ hair, as well as in faster body growth, oilier skin and the developed body odor.

A

Pubic, auxillary (armpit), facial hair

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9
Q

By age 10, levels of DHEA are _ times than they were between ages 1 & 4.

A

10x

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10
Q

The precise time when rush of hormonal activity begins seems to depend on reading a critical amount of __ necessary for successful reproduction.

A

Body fat

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11
Q

Girls with a higher percentage of body fat in early childhood and those who experience unusual weight gain between ages __ tend to show earlier pubertal development.

A

5 & 9

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12
Q

Organs directly related to reproduction, which enlarge and mature during adolescence.

A

Primary sex characteristics

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13
Q

Physiological signs of sexual maturation that do not involve the sex organs.

A

Secondary sex characteristics

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14
Q

The first external signs of puberty in girls and in boys.

A

Girls- breast tissue and pubic hair
Boys- enlargement of testes

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15
Q

As girl’s nipples englarfe and protrude, the __ or the pigmented areas surrounding the nipples englarfe and breast assume first a __ and then a rounded shape.

A

Areolae
Conical

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16
Q

Temporary breast enlargement for adolescent boys is normal and may last up to __ months.

A

18 mos.

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17
Q

What do you call a rapid increase in height, weight and muscle bone growth that occurs during puberty?

A

Adolescent growth spurt

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18
Q

The adolescent growth spurt generally begins in girls between ages __ and in boys between __.

A

Girls: 9 1/2 and 14 1/2 (usually 10)
Boys: 10 1/2 and 16 (usually 12 or 13)

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19
Q

Adolescent growth spurt usually lasts about __ years, where they reach sexual maturity.

A

2 years

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20
Q

Girls between ages _ tend to be taller, heavier, stronger than boys the same age.

A

11 and 13

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21
Q

What’s the age where girls and boys typically reach full height?

A

Girls- 15
Boys- 17

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22
Q

A girl’s __ widens to make childbearing easier.

A

Pelvis

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23
Q

Fat accumulates twice as rapidly in what gender in adolescence?

A

Girls

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24
Q

The maturation of the reproductive organs bring the beginning of __ for girls and __ in boys.

A

Menstruation- girls
Production of sperm- boys

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25
What do you call the first ejaculation that occurs at an average age of 13?
Spermarche
26
Involuntary ejaculation of semen
Nocturnal emission
27
A monthly shedding of tissue from the lining of the womb. The principal sign of sexual maturity in girls.
Menstruation
28
The first menstruation, normal timing vary from age 10 to 16.
Menarche
29
Risk taking of adolescent appears to result from interaction of 2 brain networks which are?
Socioemotional network Cognitive-control network
30
A brain network that is sensitive to social and emotional stimuli such as peer influence that becomes more active at puberty.
Socioemotional network
31
The brain network that regulates responses to stimuli which matures more gradually into early adulthood.
Cognitive-control network
32
Early adolescents (ages 11-13) tended to use __, a small, almond shape structure deep in the temporal lobe that is heavily involved in emotional and instinctual reactions.
Amygdala
33
Older adolescents (ages 14-17) showed more adult-like patterns, using __, which handle planning, reasoning, judgment, emotional regulation, and impulse control.
Frontal lobe
34
Descriptive and evaluative beliefs about one's appearance.
Body image
35
Girl's dissatisfaction with their bodies increases during _ to _.
Early to mid-adolescence
36
Eating disorder characterized by self starvation.
Anorexia Nervosa
37
Eating disorder; Regularly eats huge quantities of food, and then purges the body by laxatives, induced vomiting, fasting or excessive exercise.
Bulimia Nervosa
38
Piaget's final stage of cognitive development, characterized by the ability to think abstractly; They can better appreciate metaphor and allegory and thus can find richer meanings in literature and form hypothesis.
Formal Operations Stage
39
Accompany the stage of formal operations to develop and test hypotheses.
Hypothetical- deductive reasoning
40
Changes in the way adolescents process information reflect the maturation of the brain's _.
Frontal lobe
41
Changes in working memory capacity. There's an increasing amount of knowledge stored in the long term memory.
Structural Changes
42
Acquired factual knowledge stored in the long term memory.
Declarative knowledge
43
Acquired skills stores in long term memory.
Procedural knowledge
44
Acquired interpretive understandings stored in long term memory.
Conceptual knowledge
45
Processes for obtaining, handling and retaining information or the _ aspects of cognition.
Functional aspects
46
Learning, remembering and reasoning improve during adolescence. These changes include a continued increase in processing speed, further development of executive function.
Functional Changes
47
What is the function that include such skills as selective attention, decision making, inhibitory control of impulsive responses and management of working memory.
Executive function
48
Marcia's term for stages of ego development that depend on the presence or absence of crisis and commitment.
Identity statuses
49
A period of unconscious decision making and commitment as a personal investment in an occupation or system of beliefs (ideology).
Crisis
50
Characterized by commitment to choices made following a crisis, a period spent in exploring alternatives.
Identity achievement
51
A person who has not spent time considering alternatives (has not been in crisis) is committed to other people's plans for his or her life.
Foreclosure
52
A person is currently considering alternatives (in crisis) and seems headed for commitment.
Moratorium
53
Characterized by the absence of commitment and lack of serious consideration of alternatives.
Identity diffusion
54
Seeing oneself as a sexual being, recognizing one's sexual orientation,sex coming to terms with sexual strings and forming romantic or sexual attachment.
Sexual Identity
55
Focus on consistent sexual, romantic and affectionate interest, either heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual.
Sexual Orientation
56
Pattern of emotional turmoil, characteristic of a minority of adolescents, which may involve conflict with family, alienation from adult society, reckless behavior and rejection of adult values.
Adolescent rebellion
57
Conflict with __ tends to be greatest during early adolescents.
Parents
58
The kind of parenting that is associated with the most positive outcomes.
Authoritative parenting
59
Relationships with siblings tend to become more __ during adolescence.
Distant
60
The influence of __ is strongest in early adolescents.
Peer group
61
Major health risks arise from _ issues.
Behavioral issues
62
What is the cognitive development for this period?
Abstract thinking and scientific reasoning
63
The Psychosocial center of this period.
Search for identity
64
Ages for this period.
Age 11-20

Developmental Psychology (11 decks)

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