ADHD psurg Flashcards
hyperactivity
excessive psychomotor activity that may be purposeful or aimless, accompanied by physical movements and verbal utterances that are usually more rapid than normal. Inattention and distractibility are common.
Impulsiveness
the trait of acting without reflection and without thought to the consequences of the behavior. An abrupt inclination to act (and the inability to resist acting) on certain behavioral urges.
ADHD
attention-deficit / hyperactive d/o: a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity
Diagonistic criteria of ADHD
6 s/s of inattention and at least 6 s/s of hyperactivity-impulsivity that have persisted for 6 mon
diagnostic criteria ADHD, predominantly inattentive type
6 s/s of inattention and LESS THAN 6 s/s of hyperactivity-impusivity that have persisted for 6 mon
diagnostic criteria ADHD, predominantly hyperactivity-impulsivity type
6 s/s of hyperactivity-impulsivity and LESS THAN 6 s/s of inattention that have persisted for 6 mon
ADHD and genetics: which chromosome?
Chromosome 16
adhd biochemical: which neurotransmitters
low norepinephrine, low dopamine; associated with inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, mood, and AGGRESSION
ADHD antaomical: which part of brain was altered?
prefrontal (attention, organization), basal ganglia/caudate nucleus (high level movement, globus pallidus (restless, emotion, volitile), and cerebellum
adhd and diet: avoid what food? Which food is ok?
no dyes and additives; sugar is ok
adhd and environment: what toxin?
lead exposure
adhd: psychosocial contributing factors
disorganized or chaotic environment, or a disruption in family equilibrium; examples: mental mom, sterss, poverty, institutionalized, foster care.
adhd s/s
difficulty with task; distractable; limited attn span; skip from one activity to another; uncontrolled impulsiveness; no interpersonal skills; disruptive/intrusive; no compliance; difficulty with social norms; aggressive/oppositional or regressive/immature; short temper/outburst; boundless energy/fidget; perpetual motion machine; accidental mishaps/damage to property
nsg dx
risk for injury; low self esteem; impaired social interaction; noncompliance; defensive coping; ineffective coping
adhd drugs: list 6 types
CNS stimulants; selective norepi reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant; tricyclic antidepressant; alpha agonist clonidine and guanfacine; atomoxetine; buproprion
adhd cns stimulants: name 2
amphetamines; ritalin; methylin; focalin
what does alpha agonist clonidine and guanfacine do?
reduced SNS
what does atomoxetine do?
block reuptake of norepi
what does bupropion do?
block reuptake of serotonin, norepi, and dopa
what does cns stimulants do?
increase norepi, dopa, sero
contra for cns stiumlant?
heart dz; htn; glaucoma; drug abuse; during/within 14 days of maois; less than 3yo; pregnant/lactating; psaychotic kids; tourette’s d/o; anorexia, insomnia; elderly, dibilitated, asthenic/weak
contra for atomoxetine straterra?
during/within 14 days since maois; glaucoma; lactation
contra for bupropion wellbutrin or desipramin norpramin?
eating d/o, heart dz, seizure;
examples of tricyclic antidepressants
amitriptyline elavil, imipramine tofranil
