Additional Peds Info (OTH)

Question 1

What are the three properties of movement

Answer 1

1. Structure
2. Function
3. Purpose

Question 2

Structure

Answer 2

Bones, muscles, joints, and neural mechanisims

Question 3

Functions

Answer 3

Structure determine what functions are possible.

Development of certain functions can promote a change in sturcture (ie. dancer)

Question 4

Purpose

Answer 4

Volition- an intentional action toward an outcome.

The structure of the hand, allow for the function of a tripod grasp, which allows for the purpose of drawing.

Question 5

Function & Purpose

Answer 5

The relationship btw function and purpose of movement is influences by a child’s motivation to motivation to move and adapt movement.
BOTH intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influence movement

Question 6

Holding function

Answer 6

holding position in space

Question 7

Facilitating Function

Answer 7

anti-gravity movement- the desire to move away from the static surface.
(start pulling off the surface, head righting, bridging, sitting)

Question 8

Challenge function

Answer 8

Move against gravity, increase level of difficulty to progress in function.
(away from gravity now required to move and explore)

Question 9

Interactive Function

Answer 9

Using enviornmental factors to further progress, master, and advance.
(true function, playing and eating)

Question 10

Adaption

Answer 10

A dynamic process that expands the childs reperitore of both movements and activities.
Allows complex movements to evolve.

Question 11

Three properties of Adaptation

Answer 11

1. Sensorimotor (explore)
2. Developmental nature of adaptation (attempt)
3. Purposeful nature of adaptation (practice, repeate)

Question 12

Sensorimotor : Assimilation

Answer 12

Gathering infotmation : watch observe

Question 13

Sensorimotor : Accommodation

Answer 13

Take and make motor responses : try action

Question 14

Sensorimotor: Association

Answer 14

Linking and comparing to prior events : learn from mistakes

Question 15

Sensorimotor : Differentiation

Answer 15

Taking parts of motor actions and putting back together to create new motor goals : motor planing, mastery

Question 16

Developmental nature of adaptation

Answer 16

Sequential maturation of CNS characterized by predictable patters (cephalo-caudal, proximal-distal)

Question 17

Purposeful Nature of Adaptation

Answer 17

humans seek and interact w/ enviornmamental events : watch and decide they want to attempt of learn something.

Question 18

3 sequences of motor development

Answer 18

1. Movement componenets/muscle functions (mobility/stability)
2. Reflexes and reactions
3. Postural control and movement patterns.

Question 19

Muscle functions : Mobility

Answer 19

Characterized by quick initation, wide range of motion and fast speed.
First to develop
Activiation in undifferentiated way; generally through complete range.
Associated w/ phasic reflexes and righting reactions

Question 20

Muscle Functions : Stability

Answer 20

Movements that maintain the position of the body against gravity and keep the range of movement in check so posture can be held.
Develops after mobility .

Question 21

Muscle Functions : Combined mobility/stability

Answer 21

Mobility superimposed on stability to hold a position and move it within a range of that position (ie. 4 pt. position w/ oscillations)
Mobility is at midline; proximal or distal joints are stabalized.

Question 22

Muscles Functions: Blended mobility/stability

Answer 22

Intergrated mobility and stability - child can maintain posture and also freely move w/in positiong or from one postion to another while maintaning orientation of the head and trunk.
Allows extremities to move freely in space.

Question 23

Reflexes and Reactions

Answer 23

Neurological mechanisims which allow predictable patterns of posture and or movements.
Distribute postural tone.
Both reflexs and reactions are intergrated and adapted.

Question 24

Primative Reflexes

Answer 24

Extero, intero and propioceptive stimuli and produce an observable movement.
Can survive survivial or protective functions
Or be posture assumed respibse to head or trunk position

Question 25

Vertical Righting

Answer 25

Active muscle groups that move midline of body into alignment with the center of gravity
Head is horizontal to supporting surface

Question 26

Rotational RIghting

Answer 26

Response in reltion to movement of the head or segment of the body
Activate muscles to move body segments around centeral axis of body so segments aline

Question 27

Support reactions

Answer 27

Elicited when “support” parts of the body come in contact with the supporting surface.
Results in coactivation of muscles of extremity and or trunk.
Elicited when hand, foot, butt come in contact w/ supporting surface (stepping & placing reflexes)

Question 28

Protective Reactions

Answer 28

Allow seeking or returning to base of support to sequence movement flow or to protect when enviornmental demands are excessive.

Question 29

Midline stability reactions

Answer 29

used by the child to maintain vertical postures
midline reactions control posutral adjustments w/in confined areas related to center of gravity.
Allow us to move in and out of midline

Question 30

Equlibrium reactions

Answer 30

Compensatory movements use to regain midline stability when alignment of midline w. gravity is significantly disturbed

Question 31

4 Postural Control and Movement Patterns

Answer 31

1. Weight bearing (support)
2. Bilateral weight shift
3. Unilateral wright shit
4. Contralateral weight shift (crawling, reciprical movement)

Question 32

Weight Bearing

Answer 32

Allows maintenance of position in space, supported on a specific part of the extremities or trunk
Child bears weight in position before they move**

Question 33

Bilateral Weight Shift

Answer 33

Movement forward or backward or up or down, using arms and legs to weight shift from upper to lower parts of the body.
Flexion and extension are primary components

Question 34

Unilateral Weight Shift

Answer 34

Shifting to one side of midline and freeing the other side for movement.
Chalenges the COG & starts developing receprical mobility.

Question 35

Contralateral Weight Shift

Answer 35

Rotation w/in the body axis

Allows one body segment to rotate in one direction while the adjacent segment rotates in the opposite direction.