Addictions Flashcards
What is Tolerance in Addictions?
Physical Dependence
What is Reward Centre in Addictions?
Psychological Craving
Definition of Tolerance in Addictions?
reduced responsiveness to drug caused by previous administration
What is dispositional tolerance? (5)
- Less Drug Reaches Active/ Site/Absorbed
- Drug Metabolised Faster
- More Excreted
- Increased Rate of Inactive Metabolism
- Decreased Rate of Active Metabolism
What is Pharmacodynamic Tolerance? (4)
- Drug has less action at Active Site
- Fewer Drug Receptors
- Down Regulation of Drug Receptors
- Reduced Signalling
When a person has drug tolerance what will their response be?
Normal
When a person has drug withdrawal what will their response be?
Increased Response
Acute Opioid affect?
Constipation
Acute Barbiturate effect
Anticonvulsants
Acute Coccaine effect?
Elevated Mood
Withdrawal effect of Opioid?
Diarrhoea
Withdrawal effect of Barbiturate
Convulsion
Withdrawl effect of Cocaine?
Depressed Mood
In the Reward Centre pathway neurones project from where to where?
ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex
When VTA neurones are stimulated what is released?
Dopamine = Pleasure
What does heroin do to reward pathway?
Increases Firing Rate of Dopaminergic Neurones
What does Amphetamine do to reward pathway?
Increases Dopamine Release
What does Cocaine do to reward pathway? and what does this cause?
Inhibits Dopamine Uptake which causes craving
