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Psychiatry > Addiction > Flashcards

Addiction Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of Alcohol

A

Acts as a CNS depressant by increasing GABA and decreasing glutamate

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2
Q

How is alcohol metabolized?

A

Alcohol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into acetaldehyde, which is metabolized by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) into acetic acid.

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3
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Alcohol?

A 
•	Tonic-clonic seizures within 24-28 hours
•	Delirium Tremens within 3-5 days
o	Waxing and waning consciousness
o	Hallucinations
o	Disorientation
Tachycardia, Hypertension
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4
Q

Tx of Alcohol withdrawal?

A

Lorazepam, diazepam, chloridiazepoxide, carbamazepine

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5
Q

Relapse prevention of alcohol?

A
  • Disulfiram (blocks acetaldehyde dehydrogenase)
  • Naltrexone (opiate antagonist, lessens reinforcement of alcohol)
  • Acamprosate (maintains abstinence)
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6
Q

MOA of cocaine and amphetamines?

A

Cocaine interferes with MAO reuptake, amphetamines cause excessive release

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7
Q

Intoxication with Cocaine/Amphetimines

A
  • Paranoia
  • ★Formication (sensation of bugs on skin)
  • Anxiety
  • Insomnia
  • HTN, Tachycardia
  • Dilated Pupils
  • Tics
  • Seizures, CVA, MI, DEATH in OD
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8
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Cocaine/amphetimines

A

Increased sleep, appetite, fatigue

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9
Q

Withdrawal Tx of cocaine

A

Psychosocial therapy, positive reinforcement

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10
Q

Purpura on cheeks and ears

A

Levamisole; Cutting agent contamination

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11
Q

MOA of MDMA

A

Causes release and inhibits reuptake of 5-HT (= serotonin; primarily targeted), NE, and DA.

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12
Q

Intoxication with MDMA

A
  • Visual illusions, sensory distortions
  • Hyperthermia
  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • Multiorgan failure
  • Death
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13
Q

Intoxication Tx of MDMA

A

Supportive therapy, Reassurance

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14
Q

MOA of LSD

A

Hallucinogen; Acts as a serotonin receptor agonist

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15
Q

Intoxication of LSD

A 
•	Loss of contact with reality
•	Illusions
•	Paranoia
•	Synesthesia
•	Depersonalization
•	Derealization
•	Disinhibition
FLASHBACKS
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16
Q

Tx of intoxication with LSD

A

Supportive therapy, Reassurance

17
Q

MOA of PCP

A

Hallucinogen. Acts as an NMDA glutamate subtype antagonist.

18
Q

Intoxication with PCP

A
  • Dissociation
  • Decreased pain perception
  • Aggression
19
Q

Tx of PCP intoxication

A

Antipsychotics and Benzos

20
Q

Withdrawal of Opoids

A

Diarrhea, Bacterial endocarditis; Respiratory depression in OD

21
Q

Tx of Opioid OD

A

Naloxone

22
Q

Withdrawal Tx of Opioid

A
  • Clonidine
  • Methadone (preferred in pregnancy★)
  • Buprenorphine (also safe in pregnanc
23
Q

MOA of Benzos and Barbituates

A

GABA agonist

24
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Benzos and Barbituates?

A

Tension, anxiety, seizures, death

25
Q

Tx of OD of Benzos and Baribituates

A

Flumenazil

Psychiatry (14 decks)

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