Addiction Flashcards
where is the addiction centre in the brain?
nucleus accumbens and medial forebrain.
which neurotransmitters are largely responsible for addiction?
dopamine, serotonin, noradrenalin
which characteristics of drugs contribute to addiction?
rapid onset potency short duration tolerance withdrawal effects
the 4 Cs of addiction?
Consequences ignored
inability to Cut down
Cravings
Compulsive use
which neurotransmitters are responsible for alcohol’s effects?
NMDA inhibition
GABA enhanced
which system does alcohol affect in the brain?
inhibition of reticular activating system
what neurotransmitter effects are seen in alcohol withdrawal
unopposed NMDA + autonomic hyperactivity
symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
cerebellar tremor, sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, seizures, tachyarrhythmias, hallucinations
drug to treat alcohol withdrawal?
benzodiazepine
chronic alcohol effects on the GI?
gastritis, esophagitis, pancreatitis
chronic alcohol effects on CV system?
hypertension, arrhythmias, stroke
drugs to reduce drinking?
naltrexone (competitive opiod antagonist)
acamprosate (GABA enhancer)
disulfiram (acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor)
effects of nicotine withdrawal?
fatigue, irritability, craving
which receptors do opiods act on?
endorphin (mu) receptors
opioid withdrawal symptoms?
myalgia, chills, vomiting, depression, insomnia
