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Pharmacology > Drugs - Autonomic > Flashcards

Drugs - Autonomic Flashcards

1
Q

methacholine

A

longer-lasting acetylcholine; methacholine challenge test

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2
Q

carbachol

A

glaucoma (pupillary constriction and lower intraocular pressure by opening drainage canals)
mainly muscarinic; some nicotinic

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3
Q

pilocarpine

A

glaucoma; more sweating and salivating

mainly muscarinic; some nicotinic

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4
Q

bethanechol

A

promote GI and urinary tract motility

muscarinic

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5
Q

physostigmine

A

reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

glaucoma; anticholinergic overdose

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6
Q

edrophonium

A

reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

used to distinguish myasthenia gravis from cholinergic crisis

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7
Q

donepezil

A

reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

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8
Q

rivastigmine

A

reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

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9
Q

galantamine

A

reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

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10
Q

pralidoxime (2-PAM)

A

used to reactivate the phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase before aging occurs. organophosphate poisoning antidote.

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11
Q

lobeline

A

nicotinic agonist (used for nicotine withdrawal)

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12
Q

arecoline

A

nicotinic agonist (derived from betel nut)

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13
Q

succinylcholine

A 
nicotinic agonist (paralysis during surgery)
depolarizing blocker
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14
Q

atropine

A

muscarinic antagonist; anticholinergic

lo secretions, dilate pupils, hi HR,

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15
Q

scopolamine

A

muscarinic antagonist; 3º amine

motion sickness, antiemetic, oral secretion management

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16
Q

glycopyrrolate

A

muscarinic antagonist; 4º amine

decrease oral secretions, peptic ulcer disease, lo GI spasms, prevent bradycardia

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17
Q

ipratropium and tiotropium

A

muscarinic antagonist; 4º amine

respiratory use

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18
Q

benztropine

A

antimuscarinic

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19
Q

-curonium

A

neuromuscular non depolarizing blocker (nicotinic receptor antagonist)

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20
Q

d-tubocararine

A

neuromuscular non-depolarizing blocker (nicotinic receptor antagonist)

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21
Q

pancuronium

A

long-lasting nicotinic receptor antagonist (think PAN - across it all)

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22
Q

rocuronium, cisatracurium

A

intermediate nicotinic receptor antagonist

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23
Q

catecholamine

A

sympathetic agonist; rapid; metabolized by COMT and MAO

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24
Q

norepinephrine

A

catecholamine; rapid sympathomimetic

acts on a1,a2,b1,b2,b3 (a>b1»b2,b3

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25
Q

epinephrine

A

catecholamine; rapid sympathomimetic

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26
Q

dopamine

A

catecholamine; rapid sympathomimetic

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27
Q

isoproterenol

A

catecholamine; rapid sympathomimetic; synthetic

28
Q

dobutamine (racemic)

A

catecholamine; rapid sympathomimetic; synthetic

29
Q

phenylephrine

A

a1-selective adrenergic agent

vasoconstriction - may cause reflex bradycardia parenterally, can be used for mydriasis

30
Q

clonidine

A

a2-selective adrenergic agent
(CNS: INHIBITS exhitatory outflow from neurons of CV centres; posynaptic receptor)
(PNS: INHIBITS release of catecholamines from postganglionic sympathetic neurons; presynaptic)

31
Q

dobutamine

A

b1 selective adrenergic agonist (d-isomer). L-isomer is a weak b1 agonist and potent a1 agonist.

32
Q

salbutamol

A

b2 adrenergic agonist (short)

33
Q

salmeterol

A

b2 adrenergic agonist (long)

34
Q

metaproterenol

A

b2 adrenergic agonist

35
Q

terbutaline

A

b2 adrenergic agonist (short)

36
Q

formoterol

A

b2 adrenergic agonist (long)

37
Q

isoproterenol

A

non-selective beta blocker; rarely used because nonselective

38
Q

amphetamine

A

indirect adrenergic agent (NE release)

39
Q

tyramine

A

indirect adrenergic agent (NE release)

40
Q

cocaine

A

indirect adrenergic agent (lo NE reuptake)

41
Q

tricyclic antidepressant

A

indirect adrenergic agent (lo NE reuptake)

42
Q

ephedrine

A

mixed sympathomimetic

43
Q

pseudoephedrine

A

mixed sympathomimetic for nasal/sinus congestion

44
Q

a-methyl-p-tyrosine

A

indirect sympatholytic

decrease synthesis

45
Q

reserpine

A

indirect sympatholytic

decrease storage via vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT inhibition

46
Q

guanethidine

A

indirect sympatholytic

decrease release

47
Q

phentolamine

A

reversible a-adrenergic receptor antagonist. nonselective.

48
Q

prazocin

A

reversible a-adrenergic receptor antagonist

49
Q

phenoxybenzamine

A

irreversible a-adrenergic receptor antagonist. nonselective.

50
Q

-osin

A

a1-selective adrenergic antagonist

51
Q

tamsulosin

A

a1-selective antagonist, selective for a1A receptors in the prostate. doesn’t affect a1B (in CV system)

52
Q

propanolol

A

nonselective beta blocker

53
Q

timolol

A

nonselective beta blocker. potent. usually topical for eye.

54
Q

nadolol

A

nonselective beta blocker. potent.

55
Q

labetalol

A

blocker for b1, b2, a1.

56
Q

metoprolol

A

b1 blocker

57
Q

atenolol

A

b1 blocker

58
Q

bisoprolol

A

b1 blocker

59
Q

esmolol

A

b1 blocker. short half life.

60
Q

carbamazepine

A

voltage-gated sodium channel inactivation stabilizer

61
Q

muscarine

A

cholinergic agonist

62
Q

-stigmine

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

63
Q

diphenhydramine

A

anticholinergic (benadryl)

64
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

anticholinergic (gravol)

65
Q

benztropine

A

anticholinergic

66
Q

benzodiazepine

A

sedative. (enhance GABA)

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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