Adaptive Immunity Flashcards
What is adaptive immunity react to
An antigen using specific binding. Antigens are often proteins are polysaccharides. And Are recognized by the immune system
What are the components of adaptive immunity
Humoral (antibody mediated immunity) and cellular (cell mediated immunity)
Describe humoral (antibody mediated immunity)
Against extracellular (outside the cell) antigens - ex. Circulating bacteria or toxins, foreign RBCs
Mediated by B lymphocytes (cells)
B cells develop and mature in bone marrow– gain specific B cell receptors (BCRs)
Travel to 2^0 lymphoid organs to “lie in wait” or circulate
Describes cellular (cell mediated immunity)
Against intracellular (inside cells) antigens- ex. Viral infected cells, cancer cells transplanted tissue
Mediated by T lymphocytes (cells) (and macrophages)
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) develop in bone marrow, mature in thymus- gain specific T cell receptors (TCRs)
Travel to 2^0 lymphoid organs to “lie in wait” or circulate
Describe adaptive immunity
It is the third line of defense, responses follow innate immunity by several days, responses adapted to specific foreign invader and it has memory
How many steps are there in the basic process of immune cell activation
Three
What is step one of the basic process of immune cell activation
Antigen processing and presentation
What is step two in the basic process of immune cell activation
Helper T activation –> TH cells (effector helper T cells a.k.a. CD4+ T cells) and memory helper T cells
What happens in step three of the basic process of immune cells activation
Activation of immune cells which is different for humoral response and the cellular response
Describe what happens in step three of the humoral response
B cells –> plasma cells (effector B cells) and memory B cells
Describe what happens in step three of The basic process of immune cell activation of the cellular responses
T cells –> killer T cells (effector cytotoxic T cells) and memory cytotoxic T cells
Macrophages –> activated macrophages
