adaptations and inheritance

Question 1

adaptions:

Answer 1

how organisms evolve to make it easier for them to adapt to their environment eg. feature

Question 2

how animals compete 6:

Answer 2

sharp teeth-scary
speed- run away or chase
excellent senses
strong- escape and get protect
good grip
herd- more more scarier less more done for
camouflage- can hide

Question 3

what do they compete for: 10

Answer 3

food
light
sun
minerals
shelter
territory
space
habitat
mates
water

Question 4

camel and cactus adaptations to desert:

Answer 4

2 sets of eyelashes
thick fur shelter on top
thin to maximise heat loss
drink up to 46 litres and can tolerate 46 percent of heat
vast volume body -most releasing heat
kidney concentrates urine-don’t pee as much
ears far apart-lose heat
large slit nostrils
hump-stores fat

cactus:
thick waxy cuticles reduce water on outside surface
tiny leave subsite-pricks
long roots to find water
swollen stems

Question 5

polar bear adaptations to arctic:

Answer 5

smell to attract mates
huge paws- spread weight on thin ice
black eyes-absorb heat
fur- thick 2 layers and clear hollow and white
sticky grip on feet
sharp claws and paws
ears close together
good smell-smell prey 1km

Question 6

variation:

Answer 6

differences of characteristics in organisms

Question 7

inherited variation:

Answer 7

differences between organisms passed down by parents in reproduction
examples;
nose shape/length
eye colour
dimples
freckles

Question 8

environmental variation:

Answer 8

variation caused by an organisms environment
examples:
scars hairstyles tattoos

Question 9

inherited and environmental variation:

Answer 9

differences between both an organisms environment and parents can be dis/continuous variation
weight
skin
height

Question 10

continuous variation-

Answer 10

ranges not limited, loads of values
examples:
height
weight
shoe size
leaf/finger size
arms span

Question 11

discontinuous variation:

Answer 11

range limited groups rather than ranges
examples
rolling tongue
blood group
eye colour
hand you write with

Question 12

another name for discontinuous variation:

Answer 12

categoric data

Question 13

natural selection:

Answer 13

the best adapted organisms being able to survive
survival of the fittest- Darwin’s theory
process of organisms evolving slowly over time to become better adapted many years- number of generations

Question 14

how we know evolutions has occured?

Answer 14

fossils-preserved remainings of plant and animals from the past

Question 15

how fossils formed?

Answer 15

from remains of plants or animals that didn’t rot
and imprints of a a plants or animals on a rock due to pressure of layers on top

Question 16

how fossils formed?

Answer 16

from remains of plants or animals that didn’t rot
and imprints of a a plants or animals on a rock due to pressure of layers on top

Question 17

extinction;

Answer 17

when there is no more individuals of a species left anywhere in the world
eg. dinosaurs and wooly mamoths

Question 18

why extinction takes place?

Answer 18

asteroids strike
climate change
pollution
diseases
lack of food
species invasion
better adaptations and competition
loss of habitat
lack of genetic diversity
human predatory