acutely ill child - cardiology

Question 1

name 5 critical congenital cardiac diseases

Answer 1

• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Transposition of great arteries
• Coarctation of the aorta
• TAPVD
• Hypoplastic heart

Question 2

what is the most common cardiac rhythm disturbance in children

Answer 2

supraventricular tachycardia

Question 3

what is SVT

Answer 3

Abnormally fast heart rhythm arising from improper electrical activity in the upper part of the heart

Question 4

what are the 4 main types of SVT

Answer 4

atrial fibrillation
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
atrial flutter
wolff-parkinson-white syndrome

Question 5

symptoms of SVT

Answer 5

palpitations
dyspnoea
rapid breathing
dizziness
loss of consciousness

Question 6

management of SVT

Answer 6

adenosine

Question 7

what is infective endocarditis

Answer 7

bacterial infection of the heart valves

Question 8

what is the most common cause of bacterial endocarditis in children

Answer 8

gram positive
- strep viridans
- staph
- enterococci

Question 9

presentation of infective endocarditis

Answer 9

low-grade fever
malase
myalgias, arthralgias and headaches