Acute lung injury Flashcards
1
Q
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cause:
A
- lack of surfactant production by type 2 pneumocytes in immature lungs
- cuboidal cells dont become pneumocytes during the Terminal Sac phase
- diabetic mothers/insulin
- C section
- Greatest risk at pre 28 weeks
2
Q
NRDS Histo
A
hyaline membrane in alveolar sacs
-leaked proteins
3
Q
NRDS presentation
A
- labored breathing
- cyanosis
- tachypnea
- NOSTRIL FLARE
- CXR ground glass
4
Q
NRDS treatment
A
- Prolong labor
- Steroids
- Vent (VEGF can be inhibited by the ventilator, once off VEGF cause causing a retinopathy :Retro lental fibroplasia)
5
Q
Pulmonary Edema Cause
A
- leakage of interstitial fluid in alveolar space
- ->decreased diffusing capacity and compliance
- Heart failure–> Increased hydrostatic pressure
- Decreased oncotic pressure
6
Q
Pulm edema: Histo
A
- congested alveolar
- Heart failure cell (hemosiderin laden m*)
- Kerleys B line on CXR (cardiogenic)
7
Q
Pulm edema: Presentation
A
SOB, tachypnea, tachycardia
- frothy sputum
- Rales
8
Q
Pulm edema: Assocatied with
A
L side heart failure
- Low protein state
- lymphodema
9
Q
Acute interstitial pneumonia: cause
A
unknown
10
Q
Acute interstitial pneumonia: histo
A
Endothelial activation:Necrosis–>Hyaline membrane in alveoli –> decreased compliance, and diffusion
- sudden idiopathic onset
11
Q
Microvascular injury Edema
A
Exudate in the alveoli.
12
Q
Acute respiratory Distress
A
- Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD)
- hylanized membrane
- 0-3 days = edema
- 1-10 days = hyaline
- 3 days = fibrosis starts, by day 7 its organizing (irreversible)
