1.1.1 Cell Biology and Histology of Respiratory System Flashcards
Where is the olfactory area in the nasopharyngeal cavity?
Which mitotically active cells produce neuronal cells throughout life?
Basal cells of the olfactory epithelium
The axonal projections of olfactory epithelium project from which portion of the cell to what region of the brain?
Basal region and contacts neurons of the olfactory bulb in the brain
What protein secreted by olfactory glands binds odorants? What do plasma cells in this region secrete?
Olfactory Binding Protein (OBP); IgA
What are the two functional components of the respiratory system?
Conduction Sytem
Respiratory System
What is the respiratory system comprised of?
Pulmonary acini consisting of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli
Describe the flow of blood from the R ventricle through the lungs and body until it returns to the R atrium.
Describe the positioning of the trachea, larnyx, pharnyx, and bronchi.
Pharnyx, Larnyx, Trachae, Bronchi
What structure terminates at the respiratory bronchioles and gives rise to the alveolar capillary plexus?
Pulmonary artery
What is the conduction system comprised of?
Nasal and oral cavities to terminal bronchioles
What do each of the letters represent?
C: Hyaline cartilage
M: mucosa
T: trachealis muscle
L: longitudinal muscle
What do each of these letter represent in this cross section of the trachea?
E: Respiratory epithelium
LP: Lamina propria
SM: Submucosa
F: Fibroelastic Tissue
Describe the specific components of the respiratory system starting with nasal and oral cavities to the respiratory bronchioles.
At what level traveling deeper into the respiratory system, does hyaline cartilage stop playing a role in its structure?
The bronchiole
What are the structures numbered 1-3?
What is this a slide of?
Terminal bronchiole
Note: the absence of cartilage as well as some smooth muscle still present
What do each of the letters represent?
A: alveoli
AD: alveoli ducts
AS: alveoli sacs
R: respiratory bronchiole
T: Terminal bronchiole
What concentric structures helps keep the trachea open at all times?
Discontinuous rings of hyaline cartilage
Replace each blue dot with these abreviatons: P1, P2, E, M, or C.
P1: type 1 pneumocyte, P2: type 2 pneumocyte, E: endothelial, M: macrophage, C: capillary
What is being circumscribed in blue in this type II pneumocyte?
Surfactant granule
What is the composition of surfactant?
Tobacco can have an immobilizing effect on what structure of the respiratory structure?
Cilia
Describe the orientation of smooth muscle fibers and elastic fibers around the bronchioles.
Smooth muscle fibers are oriented concentrically
Elastic fibers are oriented longitudinally
Where are club cells found? What is their former name? What do they produce?
The number of clara cells progressively increases the number of goblet cells decreases. Goblet cells disappear entirely at the level of the terminal bronchiole.
Former name: Clara Cells
Club cells produce surfactant-like substances
What are the three types of cells present in the alveolar sac?
Type I pneumocytes
Type II pneumocytes
Alveolar macrophages
What type of cells produce surfactant in the alveoli?
Type II pneumocytes
What are some common respiratory diseases?
Rhinovirus infections, Influenza, Pneumonia, Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis, and Asthma
Rhinoviruses typically affect which portion of the respiratory system?
The conducting system
What are some of the symptoms of the flu?
Fever, sore throat, muscle and head aches, coughing, and fatigue
What is the leading cause of death among the elderly?
Pneumonia
The trachea is lined by? What prevents collapse of trachea and flexibility during swallowing?
Lined by pseudostratified epithelium and C shaped cartilage
