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Hematology > Acute Leukemias, Lymphoid & Plasma Cell Neoplasms, MPN > Flashcards

Acute Leukemias, Lymphoid & Plasma Cell Neoplasms, MPN Flashcards

1
Q

Tumor suppressor gene cause cancers such as leukemia when mutations result in:

A

Failure to prevent malignant process

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2
Q

In what age group does acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur with the highest frequency?

A

1-15 years old

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3
Q

The WHO classification requires what percentage for the blast count in the blood or bone marrow for the diagnosis of AML?

A

At least 20%

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4
Q

In addition to morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping, the WHO classification of myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders is based upon which characteristic?

A

Cytogenetic abnormalities

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5
Q

In the FAB classification, myelomonocytic leukemia would be?

A

M4

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6
Q

The M:E ratio in myelocytic leukemia is usually:

A

High

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7
Q

Chloromas are associated with:

A

High

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8
Q

What is the most common presentation of acute erythroid leukemia?

A

> 50% of nucleated marrow cells are erythroid precursors & >20% are myeloblasts

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9
Q

The M:E ratio in erythroleukemia is usually

A

Low

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10
Q

Auer rods are most commonly seen in what type of leukemia?

A

Promyelocytic leukemia

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11
Q

What cytochemical stain can be used to differentiate AML from ALL?

A

MPO

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12
Q

Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase is usually positive in ____ cells, and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase is useful for identifying blast cells of ____ lineage.

A

Granulocytic; monocytic

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13
Q

A peripheral smear shows 75% blasts. These stain positive for both Sudan Black B and peroxidase. Given these values, which of the following is the most likely leukemia diagnosis?

A

Acute myelocytic

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14
Q

What is the gene translocation in FAB M2?

A

t(8;21)

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15
Q

What is the gene translocation in FAB M3?

A

t(15;17)

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16
Q

What AML cytogenetic abnormality is associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia with marrow eosinophilia under the WHO classification of AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities?

A

inv(16)

17
Q

What leukemia is characterized by an increase in monoblasts and monocytes?

A

FAB M5

18
Q

What is the WHO classification of FAB M7?

A

Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise specified

19
Q

Based on the WHO classification system, B cell ALL (FAB L3) and ____ represent different clinical presentations of the same disease identity.

A

Burkitt lymphoma

20
Q

Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase is present in:

A

Precursor B and precursor T lymphoid cell

21
Q

What is the translocation most commonly associated with Burkitt lymphoma?

A

t(18;14)

22
Q

The (8;14) translocation brings which 2 genes in close proximitu?

A

c-myc and Ig heavy chain

23
Q

What genetic alterations is associated with favorable diagnosis in pre-B ALL?

A

t(12;21)

24
Q

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is defined as:

A

An accumulation of B lymphocytes

25
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Hairy cells contain tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP).

A

True

26
Q

What are characteristic findings in multiple myeloma?

A

Increased IgG and hyperclacemia

27
Q

Multiple myeloma is characterized by the presence in urine of large amounts of:

A

IgG light chains

28
Q

What is the initial laboratory technique for the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies?

A

Serum and urine electrophoresis

29
Q

What are characteristic findings in Waldenstrom’s disease?

A

Increased IgM and blood hyperviscoscity

30
Q

Presence of giant binucleated Reed-Sternberg cells with prominent nucleoli

A

Hodgkin’s dsisease

31
Q

What is the key diagnostic test for Hodgkin lymphoma?

A

Lymph node biopsy

32
Q

What cells are identified in lesions of mycosis fungoides?

A

T lymphocytes

33
Q

In what disorder is significant basophilia seen?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

34
Q

What would be the LAP score in CML?

A

10

35
Q

Chromosome most closely associated with CML

A

Philadelphia chromosome

36
Q

The ____ of Philadelphia chromosome in granulocytic leukemia suggests a rapid progression of the disease.

A

Absence

37
Q

The hemorrhagic problems associated with scurvy are due to a deficiency of ____, which is a cofactor required for collagen synthesis.

A

Vitamin C

Hematology (5 decks)

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