Acute Kidney Injury

Question 1

Define AKI

Answer 1

Syndrome of falling GFR

Question 2

Diagnosis of AKI

Answer 2

serum creatinine ≥26.5

Question 3

Stage 1 AKI
Stage 2

stage 3

Urine output

Answer 3

creatinine rise ≥26.5

Question 4

Cortex receives how much blood

Answer 4

Most /80%

Question 5

What’s in cortex and what’s it at risk of

Answer 5

proximal tubular cells are very susceptible to hypotension and hypoxia

Question 6

Classification of AKI

Answer 6

pre renal
Intrinsic
Post renal

Question 7

Name pre renal causes of AKI

Answer 7

Volume depletion
Decrease effective volume

Altered intrarenal haemodynamics

Question 8

Cause of intrinsic AKI

Answer 8

Acute tubular necrosis
Acute
Glomerulonephritis
Accurate interstitial nephritis

Question 9

Hyperkalaemia is

Answer 9

Increased K+

Question 10

Normal K+

Answer 10

3.5 mol/l

Question 11

At 5.5 + what do you see on ECG

Answer 11

Peaked T wave

Prolonged PR segment

Question 12

6.5 K+ what do you see

Answer 12

Loss of P. Wave
Prolonged QRS
ST elevation
Eptopic beats

Question 13

Above 8 k+ you see

Answer 13

Progressive widening of QRS
Sine wave
Bundle of his blocks
Ventricular fibrillation 
Fascicular blocks

Question 14

Metabolic acidosis ABG and symptoms

Answer 14

pH < 7.3 pCO 2 pO 2
HCO
3
low normal to high low

Symptoms

breathless / tachypnoeic nausea non-specifically unwell

Question 15

Uraemia is

Answer 15

Retention of metabolic waste products

Question 16

Uraemia causes what condition which is what

Answer 16

Pericarditis

Which makes pericardium inflamed

Question 17

What % of ICU patients have AKI

Answer 17

57% very common

Question 18

Management of AKI

Answer 18

Exclude life threatening condition

Identify aetiology of AKI

Supportive treatment

Avoidance of progression

Question 19

RRT IS

Answer 19

Renal replacement therapy

Question 20

How does RRT work

Answer 20

Blood from patient pumped then effluent produced where water and electrolytes taken out.

Then through air detector
Then back into patient

Question 21

Vascular access for RRT

Answer 21

inter jugular vein
Femoral vein
Subclavian vein