Acute inflammation I Flashcards
Hallmark of acute inflammation
Neutrophils
Edema
Hallmark of chronic inflammation
Lymphocytes
What can cause acute inflammation
Inflammation
Tissue necrosis
difference between Innate and adaptive immunity
Innate: Non Specific, Immediate response, Cells ( mast cells, MO, Neutrophils, Eos, baso)
Adaptive: Specific response, Longer response, Lymphocytes
what are the components of the innate immunity
Epithelium
Mucous secreted by cells
Complement system
Cells ( mast cells, MO, Neutrophils, Eos, baso)
What are the factors of immune system?
- TLRs
- Arachinodic Acid
- Mast Cells
- Complement
- Hageman Factor
The TLRs recognize what?
PAMP (Pathogen associated molecular patterns)
The LPS of GN bacteria is recognized by?
CD14 from Macrophagues
How does the TLR’s activates the immune response?
- TLR recognizes PAMP
- TLR activates
- Upregulation of NF- KB
- NF- KB activated
- Activates immune response genes
- Leads to the production of multiple immune mediators
T/F TLRs are only found in the innate immunity
False
They are also found in the adaptive
Origin of Arachinodic Acid
Is released form the phospholipid cell membrane by phospholipase A2
What are the 2 pathways in which te arachinodic acid acts
- Cyclooxygenase Pathway
2. 5- lipooxygenasa Pathway
What are key PG in the Cyclooxygenase Pathway?
PGI2, PGD2, PGE2
***Vasodilation and increase of vascular permeability
PGE2: Fever and pain
What are key Leukotrines in the Cyclooxygenase Pathway?
LTB4– Attracts and activates neutrophils
LTC4, LTD4, LTE4– Vasoconstriction, bronchoespasm and increase vascular permeability
What are the 4 key mediators that attracts and activate neutrophils
LTB4
C5a
IL 8
Bacterial Products
Where are find the mast cells?
Connective tissue
How are activated mast cells?
Tissue trauma
Complement proteins C3a and C5a
Cross linking of cell surface IgE by antigen
How is the immediate response of Mast Cells
Release of preformed histamine granules
mediates vasodilation of arterioles and increase vascular permeability
How is the delayed response of Mast Cells
Production of arachidonic acid, metabolites, particularly leukotriens
Pte has mast cells that activates the acute inflammatory response and several hours later the acute inflammatory response continue. What is the major mechanism by which mast cells will allow for the progression of the acute inflammatory response?
Production of arachidonic acid and leukotriens
What is a complement?
Group of proinflammatory serum proteins that complements inflammation
How is the complement activation?
Classical Pathway
Alternative Pathway
Mannose binding lectin PAthway
How does the classical pathway activates the complement?
C1 binds to IgG or IgM that is bound to antigen
“GM makes classical cars”
What are the results of activation of complement?
C3 convertase
C5 convertase
MAC (Membrane attack complex)
