Acute Hypercalcaemia

Question 1

What are the causes of acute hypercalcaemia?

Answer 1

Primary hyperthyroidism

Hypercalcaemia of malignancy

Mediactions

Question 2

What medications can cause hypercalcaemia?

Answer 2

Thiazides

Question 3

What is the level of calcium that = hypercalcaemia?

Answer 3

> 2.5mmol/l-1

Question 4

At what serum calcium levels does hypercalcaemia become symptomatic?

Answer 4

2.5 - 3 = asymptomatic

3-3.5 = symptomatic

> 3.5 = severe

Question 5

What are the renal symptoms of hypercalcaemia?

Answer 5

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Nephrolithiasis

Question 6

MSK symptoms?

Answer 6

Bone pain

Weakness

Question 7

Psychological symptoms?

Answer 7

Confusion

Question 8

CVS symptoms?

Answer 8

Bradycardia
Hypotension

ARRHYTHMIA

Question 9

Tests?

Answer 9

Bloods

• Serum calcium
• PTH
• Phosphates

Examination
- Look for lymph nodes for hypercalcaemia of malignancy

ECG

Question 10

What is the most important first treatment to do?

Answer 10

REHYDRATE

Question 11

Surgical management?

Answer 11

Parathyroidectomy if pharma treatment fails

Question 12

Pharma treatment?

Answer 12

Glucocorticoids

Calcitonin