Acute Coronary Syndrome part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

see chart of slide 4/5

A

ok

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2
Q

who is the early invasive strategy used for in nstemi/ua, waht does it involve

A

angiography and maybe revascularization wihtin 24 hours

indicated for high risk patients (timi>2) or other high risk factors

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3
Q

who may be referred for cabg

A

high risk patients with multivessel disease

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4
Q

ischemia guided strategy drugs

A

initiate dapt and anticoagulant

  1. asa
  2. p2y12
  3. anticoagulant - ufh,lmwh
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5
Q

whats the adjunct pharmacotherapy in nstemi/ua

A
continue dapt
anticoagulant discontinued adter pci 
beta blocker
acei
statin 
nitrates prn
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6
Q

early invasive strategy in nstemi/ua drugs

A

asa
p2y12 loading dose
anticoagulant
consider GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors in high risk patients

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7
Q

who is the ischemia guided strategy used for

A

patients with low risk factors just get medical management

may be referred for revascularization if ischemia worsens or new high risk occurs

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8
Q

what is the dapt therapy in nstemi/ua

how long

A

if underwent early invasive with pci should recieve same dapt as stemi
with ischemia strategy use asa plus ticagrelor or clopidogrel
all for 1 year

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9
Q

what was the result of the cure trial for clopidogrel and asa vs asa alone

A

clopidogrel + asa in us/nstemi patients reduces the risk in cv outcomes
some increase in major bleeding
high risk benefit patients derive most benefit

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10
Q

what was the result of the plato trial in ticegrelor +asa vs clopidogrel + asa

A

ticagrelor high risk reduction
no sig increase in major bleed
still fine to use clopidegrel in low risk patients

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11
Q

what timi score would you recommend early invasive

A

4 and up

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12
Q

glycoprotein 2b/3a receptor antagonist moa

A

block binding of fibrinogen to GPIIb/IIIa receptor on platelet surface inhibiting platelet aggregation

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13
Q

examples of glycoprotein recrpto antagonists

A

abciximab
eptifibatide
tirofiban

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14
Q

what does glycoprotein ra do in patients with ua/acs who undergo pci

A

reduce death/mi

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15
Q

improved outcomes with anticoagulants

A

prevent progression to mi and death

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16
Q

enoxparin dosing

A

1mg/kg sc q12h until pci or hospital discharge

17
Q

advantages of lmwh

A

easier to give

no monitoring

18
Q

disadvantage of lmwh

A

long acting

renal elimination

19
Q

unfractionated heparin dosing

A

60 units/kg load then 12 units/kg/hr infusion
titrate to aptt 1.5-2x control
until pci or 48 hours

20
Q

monitoring for ufh

A

signs of bleeding
Hbg
platelets

21
Q

moa of fondaparinuz anticoagulant

A

indirect acting factor Xa inhibitor

22
Q

dose of fondaparinux and when we would use it

A

2.5mg sc daily until pci or discharge

has a lower rate of major bleeding so in patients at a higher risk of bleeding

23
Q

what are hte goals of adjunct therapy

A

reduce the risk of short term and long term complications associated with acs
slow progression of coronary heart disease and minimize the future cv events and other morbidities
improve mortality and restore quality of life

24
Q

what is the cumulative relative risk reduction if all asa, bb, statins, and acei used as secondary prevention

A

75%

25
Q

does omega 3 reduce cv risk

A

no evidence to stop but no evidence of protective effects

26
Q

do antioxidants, folic acid, vit b6, vitb12 prevent heart disease

A

no not recommended

27
Q

drugs to avoid post mi

A

nsaids (couple days ok)

hormone therapy in postmenopausal women increases cv risk

28
Q

why should you avoid beta blockers in cocaine users

A

risk of potentiating coronary spasm