Activity Flashcards
What is patient care ergonomics?
Practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the capability of the worker in relation to patient care.
What is isotonic exercise?
Involves muscle shortening and active movement.
Swimming, jogging, walking
What is isometric exercise?
Muscle contraction without shortening
No or minimum movement
What are benefits of isometric exercise?
Increased muscle mass, tone, strength, increased circulation and osteoblastic activity
What is isokinetic exercise?
Muscle contractions with resistance
What is fowlers position?
Head of bed 45 to 60 degrees to promote cardiac and respiratory functioning
What is active ROM?
Patient independently moves joints through full ROM (isotonic)
What is passive ROM?
Patient is unable to move joints through full ROM, so needs nurse assistance
What is the purpose of a walker?
Increase patient base of support, enhance lateral stability, support patients weight
Who are single handed canes with half circle handles recommended for?
Patients requiring minimal support who use stairs frequently
Who are single ended canes with straight handles recommended for?
Patients with hand weakness
Who are quad/tripod canes recommended for?
Patient with poor balance
How is a cane held?
- Patient stands with weight evenly distributed
- Cane is held of patients stronger side and is advanced one small stride ahead
- Supporting weight on stronger leg and cane the pt advances weaker foot
- Supporting weight on weaker leg and cane pt advances stronger foot
Where should the weight be placed on crutches?
Support on hands and arms not on axillary
When are gait belts used?
Ambulating patients who have leg strength, can cooperate, and require minimal assistance.
Not on patients with abdominal or thoracic incisions
What are cardiovascular immobility effects?
Increased cardiac workload, orthostatic hypotension, venous stasis, venous thrombosis
What are respiratory immobility effects?
Decrease depth and rate of respirations, atelectasis, acid-base imbalance, decreased movement of secretions, decreased thoracic cage movement
What are musculoskeletal immobility effects?
Atrophy, tone, strength decrease, decreased joint mobility and flexibility, bone demineralization, limited endurance
What are metabolic immobility effects?
Decreased metabolic rate, muscle wasting, negative nitrogen balance
What are GI immobility effects?
Disturbances in appetite, decreased food intake, altered protein metabolism, poor digestion
What are urinary immobility effects?
UTI, poor perineal hygiene, renal calculi, kidney stones, decreased urine volume, alkaline urine
What are skin immobility effects?
Pressure ulcers, increased skin breakdown
What is a trapeze bar?
Handgrip suspended from bed frame that patient can grasp to raise trunk from bed
What are hand rolls?
Used on paralyzed or unconscious patient to keep hand in functional position
