Activity

Question 1

Role of Skeletal System in Movement

Answer 1

1. Supports the soft tissues of the body
2. Protects crucial components of the body
3. Furnishes surfaces for the attachment of muscles, tendons, and ligaments
4. Provides storage areas for minerals and fat
5. Produces blood cells

Question 2

Freely movable joints include:

Answer 2

1. Ball and socket
2. Condyloid
3. Gliding
4. Hinge
5. Pivot
6. Saddle

Question 3

How are bones classified by shape?

Answer 3

1. Long bone
2. Short bone
3. Flat bone
4. Irregular bone

Question 4

Long bones

Answer 4

upper and lower extremities

Question 5

Short bones

Answer 5

wrist and ankle

Question 6

Flat bones:

Answer 6

ribs and skull bones

Question 7

Irregular bones:

Answer 7

spinal column and jaw

Question 8

Joint movements include:

Answer 8

Abduction

Adduction

Circumduction

Flexion

Extension

Hyperextension

Dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion

Question 9

More joint movements:

Answer 9

Rotation
Internal rotation
External rotation
Supination
Pronation
Inversion
Eversion

Question 10

Three Types of Muscles

Answer 10

1. Skeletal
2. Cardiac
3. Smooth or visceral

Question 11

Important functions of muscles

Answer 11

1. Motion
2. Maintenance of posture
3. Support
4. Heat production

Question 12

Effect of Nervous System on Muscle Contraction: What do neurons do?

Answer 12

Neurons conduct impulses from one part of the body to another

Question 13

Effect of Nervous System on Muscle Contraction: What do afferent nervous system do?

Answer 13

The afferent nervous system conveys information from receptors in the periphery to the CNS

Information is processed by the CNS leading to a response

Question 14

Effect of Nervous System on Muscle Contraction: What does the efferent neurons do?

Answer 14

Information is processed by the CNS leading to a response

The efferent neurons convey the response from the CNS to skeletal muscles by way of the somatic nervous system

Question 15

Postural Reflexes

Answer 15

Labyrinthine sense

Proprioceptor or kinesthetic sense

Visual or optic reflexes

Extensor or stretch reflexes

Question 16

Ergonomics:

Answer 16

Practice of designing equipment and work tasks to confirm to the capability of the worker

Question 17

Variables that can lead to patient handling injuries

Answer 17

Uncoordinated lifts

High exertion

Awkward or static postures

Manual lifting and transferring

Repetitive movements or tasks

Standing for long periods of time

Question 18

Factors Influencing Mobility

Answer 18

Developmental considerations

Physical health

Mental health

Lifestyle

Attitude and values

Fatigue and stress

External factors

Question 19

Types of Exercise:

Answer 19

1. Isotonic
2. Isometric
3. Isokinetic

Question 20

Isotonic Exercises

Answer 20

muscle shortening and active movement

Question 21

Isometric exercises

Answer 21

muscle contraction without shortening

Question 22

Isokinetic exercises

Answer 22

muscle contraction with resistance

Question 23

Benefits of exercise on Respiratory system

Answer 23

Improved alveolar ventilation

Decreased work of breathing

Improved diaphragmatic excursion

Question 24

Benefits of Exercise to Cardiovascular System

Answer 24

Increased efficiency of the heart​

Decreased heart rate and blood pressure​

Increased blood flow to all body parts​

Improved venous return​

Increased circulating fibrinolysin (substance that breaks up smallclots)​

Question 24

Benefits of Exercise to Metabolic processes and the GI System

Answer 24

Increased triglyceride breakdown Increased gastric motility Increased production of body heat Increased appetite Increased intestinal tone, improving digestion and elimination Weight control

Question 25

Risks Related to Exercise

Answer 25

Precipitation of a cardiac event Orthopedic discomfort and disability Other health problems

Question 25

Benefits of Exercise to Musculoskeletal System

Answer 25

Increased muscle efficiency (strength) and flexibility Increased coordination Reduced bone loss Increased efficiency of nerve impulse transmission

Question 25

Health History

Answer 25

Daily activity level Endurance Exercise/fitness goals Mobility problems Physical or mental health alterations External factors affecting mobility

Question 26

Effects of Immobility on the Body

Answer 26

Cardiovascular system Respiratory system Musculoskeletal system Metabolic processes Gastrointestinal system Urinary system Skin Psychosocial outlook

Question 27

Physical Assessment for Mobility

Answer 27

General ease of movement Gait and posture Alignment Joint structure and function Muscle mass, tone, and strength Endurance

Question 28

Variables Leading to Back Injury in Health Care Workers

Answer 28

Uncoordinated lifts Manual lifting and transferring of patients without assistive devices Lifting when fatigued or after recent back injury recovery Repetitive movements such as lifting, transferring, and repositioning patients Standing for long periods of time Transferring patients Repetitive tasks Transferring/repositioning uncooperative or confused patients

Question 29

Proper Body Mechanics- what is it?

Answer 29

Use of proper body movement in daily activities

Question 30

Proper body mechanics: what does it prevent?

Answer 30

The prevention and correction of problems associated with posture

Question 31

Proper body mechanics- what does it enhance?

Answer 31

The enhancement of coordination and endurance

Question 32

Equipment and Assistive Devices

Answer 32

Gait belts Stand-assist and repositioning aids Lateral-assist devices Friction-reducing sheets Mechanical lateral-assist devices Transfer chairs Powered stand-assist and repositioning lifts Powered full-body lifts

Question 33

Positioning Patients- What do you need?

Answer 33

Pillows Mattresses Adjustable beds Bed side rails Trapeze bar Additional equipment

Question 34

Protective positions for patients

Answer 34

Fowler's Supine or dorsal recumbent Side lying or lateral position Sims' position Prone position

Question 35

Moving, Turning, or Transferring

Answer 35

Turning the patient in bed Moving a patient up in bed Moving a patient from bed to stretcher Moving a patient from bed to chair Assisting with range-of-motion exercises Active Passive

Question 36

Assisting with range-of-motion exercises

Answer 36

Active Passive

Question 37

Physical Conditioning

Answer 37

Quadriceps and gluteal setting drills Push-ups Dangling

Question 38

Mechanical Aids for Walking

Answer 38

Walker Cane Braces Crutches